unit 1 american revolution

Question 1

John Smith

Answer 1

An important figure in the colonization of the Americas. He established regulations that would help the colonies grow. “If you don’t work, you don’t eat.” He was also a sailor who the Powhattan tribe respected.

Question 2

Friedrich von Steuben

Answer 2

George Washington’s Secretary. He helped the Continental Army by doing these 5 things:
1. Instilled discipline, organization, and hygiene into the ragtag militia.
2. Organized the camp in a different way.
3. Drills European battle tactics into 100 men. These men then went to train the next best 100 men and so forth.
4. Introduces bayonet fighting.
5. Gives the rebels a new attitude towards their goal.

Question 3

Sugar Act

Answer 3

Lowered taxes on imported molasses. Encouraged merchants to buy less of the product.

Question 4

Stamp Act

Answer 4

Law that required government stamps on printed materials. Including newspapers, playing cards, court docs, and receipts.

Example: Krishna just got the newspaper. The law states that he would have to go to David and David would sell him a stamp for it. Then, Krishna would now be allowed to read it. (quoted from DuRoss)

Question 5

Zurara

Answer 5

A person commonly known as the world’s first racist.

Question 6

Sons of Liberty

Answer 6

A group of merchants, shopkeepers, and craftsmen who organized boycotts against British taxes.

Question 7

Squanto

Answer 7

Native American tribe leader, father of pocohontas.

Question 8

Daniel Morgan

Answer 8

Commander of the woodland militia, easy ways to take out redcoats, big role in AR

Question 9

Guerilla Warfare

Answer 9

A style of war that involved hiding within nature, then sniping opponents.

Question 10

Minutemen

Answer 10

A group of soldiers that were ready at any moment for war. They were the ones to beat the British to Concord in their battle.

Question 11

Battle of Lexington/Concord

Answer 11

A battle that took place where the British were attempting a large-scale invasion of Concord, but the Minutemen beat them there and were waiting. (70 Minutemen, 700 Redcoats)

Question 12

Tobacco

Answer 12

A spice that was extremely popular during the Age of Exploration. Later on, it was smuggled from Mexico into the colonies.

Question 13

Tar and Feathering

Answer 13

A way to punish people in the colonies. It was used by the Sons of Liberty on some Loyalists and Stamp collectors in protest of the Stamp Act and others.

Question 14

Bayonets

Answer 14

A little knife attatched to a barrel of a rifle. Introduced by von Steuben to the best soldiers.

Question 15

Hernan Cortes

Answer 15

Conqueror of the Aztec Empire

Question 16

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 16

Conquerer of the Inca Empire

Question 17

King George III

Answer 17

King of the British throughout the course of the American Revolution

Question 18

Townshend Act

Answer 18

One of the taxes imposed by the British, taxed the tea prices for colonists

Question 19

Boston Tea Party

Answer 19

The event that contributed to the start of the revolution. It involved colonists and natives throwing tea into the ocean in boycott of the Townshend Act

Question 20

Boston Massacre

Answer 20

Caused by misinterperetation of a church bell. Colonists thought there was fire, which British soldiers overheard, and once one fired, everyone else did. The first attack on the colonists.

Question 21

Debtors

Answer 21

Those who were put into labor prisons to work off debt that they could not pay

Question 22

James Ogelthorpe

Answer 22

Recieved land from King to imprison debtors

Question 22

Continental Dollar

Answer 22

Universal currency established for use in the colonies.

Question 23

Quakers

Answer 23

A group of people who rejected the Anglican Church, often prosecuted for such behavior.

Question 24

Intolerable Acts

Answer 24

1. Port of Boston and other ports on east coast were closed
2. Massachusetts placed under British control
3. Quartering Acts Strengthened
4. Trials for soldiers would be held in Britain

Question 24

Currency Act

Answer 24

Only allowed British currency to be used/prohibited printing of money

Question 25

Tea Act

Answer 25

An act that aided the East India company to ship tea to the colonies`

Question 26

Committee of Five

Answer 26

John Adams, Robert Sherman, Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin, Robert Livingston came together to write DOI

Question 27

Declaration of Independence

Answer 27

Founding document written by second continental congress. This started the American road to Independence

Question 28

2nd Continental Congress

Answer 28

The meeting between delegates of the 13 colonies in which all unanimously voted to declare independence.

Question 29

Battle of Yorktown

Answer 29

General Cornwallis is hiding in Yorktown, As British ships come to attack, French and American navies combine and block them off. With no supplies or necessities, Cornwallis surrenders, technically ending the whole war.

Question 30

Hessians

Answer 30

Another word for the German mercenaries who were guarding the fort of Trenton

Question 31

Battle of Trenton

Answer 31

British initially have fort of Trenton, Hessians guarding. Christmas Eve, hessians are drinking. They fall asleep on Christmas morning, allowing Washington to take Trenton. Cornwallis sees this, and attempts to take the fort back. However, Washington is alerted, and his forces march behind Cornwallis. The British forces go to sleep, and they wake up to Washington attacking them, securing a well-needed victory. The victory was needed after 4 losses in a row in small battles.

Question 32

Battle of Saratoga

Answer 32

Gen. Cornwallis splits British forces into 3 groups, one for the north, one for the south, and Cornwallis leading the middle. British victory requires perfect timing. Southern route takes long, while middle and north are blocked off by the Continental Army chopping down trees and killing soldiers via Guerrilla methods. General Washington decided to advance their forces towards Cornwallis. With only 1/3 of his army to fight, Cornwallis decides to surrender this battle to the Americans.

Question 33

Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 33

Americans prepared to fire cannons on the British from Bunker hill, the supposed highest point. Then, they saw a higher point, Breed’s hill. So they went there. They easily took out most of the British navy. Though a few ships made landfall and their forces advanced up the hill. the 1st and 2nd waves were defeated as cannons were pointed downward at them. However, the third wave managed to outnumber the Continental Army and secure the only British victory out of all major battles.

Question 34

Astrolobe

Answer 34

Ship device used to determine time

Question 35

Sextant

Answer 35

Ship device used to measure distance

Question 36

John Rolfe

Answer 36

Smuggled spanish tobacco into Jamestown, reforms Jamestown even though Smith already did so.