Unit 1 Flashcards
explain the implications of the Canadian Constitution on the powers of the federal and provincial governments in health care.
The federal government was wanting to provide conditional matching grants to the provinces for improvements in health and post-secondary education services, rather than giving them higher unconditional equalization grants of which were traditional.
i. It was though that conditional grants would force the provinces to increase provision of social program and bring about greater standardization across the country. However, this was held back from Ontario and Quebec at the Dominican-Provincial Conference on Social reconstruction in 1945 on the grounds that it did not have the constitutional rights to interfere in social affairs which were a provincial matter.
b. The federal government was restricted by the constitution however, they were able to offer National health Grants in 1948 so that provinces could develop health care and hospital plans, begin hospital construction to fill gaps and set up demonstration programs in mental and public health.
explain how provincial governments can develop and fund health programs.
a. Provinces oversee social affairs within their jurisdiction, and the federal government helps funds these programs
i. Much of the early learning about health service planning in Canada was done in Saskatchewan where the government set up planning commission separate from its existing administrative departments.
b. Equalization grants where the richer provinces shared their financial resources with the poorer provinces through tax transfer agreements.
d. Matching grant offers which the provinces could pick up for designated programs in health care and post-secondary
explain how public hospital and medical care insurance have evolved in Canada.
a. A hospital insurance scheme was introduced in 1946 in Saskatchewan and municipal doctor schemes were established as pilots in Swift Current and Weyburn although met with scrutiny by doctors who did not want to work on salary.
b. Despite this, the Saskatchewan government was abled to develop a Medical Care Insurance Act in 1962 with the help of the federal governments matching grants.
c. The electoral appeal of a provincially financed hospital scheme led other provinces to copy the Saskatchewan model, but they did not always know how to control it effectively.
e. In 1961 the Canadian Medical Association foreseeing the policies developed in Saskatchewan were likely to be adopted by other provinces, asked the federal government to set up the Royal Commissions on Health Services. The act was passed in 1966 and implemented in 1968, however, all provinces had agreed to set up Medicare by 1970.
f. In 1984 the Canada Health Act merged through the 1957 legislation on hospital insurance with the 1966 legislation on medical care.
identify the key factors that have influenced the development of health service programs in Canada.
a. Originally public health was viewed as a private matter.
b. The Second World War a proposal was made for a provincial health insurance plan but was rejected at the Dominion in 1945 as well as a federal cost-sharing plan.
d. The CHA (Canada Health Act) made eligibility criteria for provincial jurisdiction to be able to receive federal funding. Public administration, comprehensiveness, universality, portability, and accessibility.
e. The Charter impacts the development of health service programs because health and hospital care programs, even if private, must be compliant with the charter. For example, offer sign-language interpretation services to patients that are hard of hearing. As well as making health care assessable in both official languages.
ii. If a province refuses to participate in a federal initiative aimed at, implementing a new program, the taxpayers of that province would pay for the program to be implemented in the participating provinces without being able to reap the benefits themselves.
