Unit 1 Flashcards
Anthropolgy defines culture as:
non biological characteristics unique to that society which distinguish it from other societies.
Culture is defined as:
knowledge, beliefs, morals, laws, customs, art, and any other capabilities and habits aquired by man as a member of society.
The 3 subdisciplines of anthropology are:
Biological anthropology, Cultural anthropology, and archaeology.
Biological anthropology (physical anthropology)
concerns the study of human biological or physical characteristics and how they evolved.
Cultural anthropolgy (social anthropology)
analyzes human culture and society.
Two branches of cultural anthropology are:
Ethnography and Ethnology
Ethnography is:
the study at first hand of individual living cultures.
Ethnology is:
comparing cultures using ethnographic evidence to derive general principles about human society.
Archaeology is
the past tense of cultural anthropology. Archaeologists study humans and societies primarily through their material remains. THe buildings, tools, and other artifacts that constitute what is know as the material culture left over from former societies.
History
the study of the past using written evidence
Pre- History
The study of evidence before written word
Ethical problems in archaeology
Should archeological sites be allowed to impede progress? Should it be required of governments to protect sites from too much tourism? Should we allow the commercial exploitation of the past.
Books
Books are books. lol
Periodicals
are published on a regular basis
Journals
are periodicals designated as being of academic or scholarly content.
Scholarly literature
is of a scientific or academic nature. Is peer reviewed before publication, original research, written with the expectation that the reader has a broad familiarity with the topic, cites sources, bibliographies, and references. Is usually published in a scholarly journal. Makes the goals, methods, results, and conclusions of the research explicit.
Semi-scholarly literature
Typically focused on sharing results of research rather than explaining phenomenon. Usually produced for other other archeologists, students, trade or professional publications, textbooks. Usually lacks the rigor of scholarly writings. May contain advertisements and color illustrations. Usually brief articles. Cites relatively few or no sources.
Popular archeological literature
Generally written by a reporter, journalist, or someone not trained in archaeology. Is secondary reporting based on an article or research. Author might not be identified. Little specified language or assumption of basic knowledge. Uses quotes extensively. Few citations or sources. Little attention paid to the goals or methods of research. Begin new pageination for each issue. Lots of advertising and color photos on cover and inside.
Five Periodicals New World Pre-history
American Antiquities American Archaeology American Journal of Archaeology Canadian Journal of Archaeology North American Archeologist
