Unit 1 Flashcards
Name 3 Townships that were badly affected by the Group Areas Acts.
Sophiatown
Durban
District Six
Detail the events of Sophiatown’s destruction.
Happened from 1950-1956
60,000 people removed
Name two race laws passed.
Mixed Marriage Act 1949
Immorality Act 1950
Population Registration Act 1950
List the key factors for the NP’s election victory in 1948.
First Past the post system Smuts party too liberal Afrikaner nationalism fear of black urbanisation poor white problem
What was the vote % for each party in the 1948 election.
37% National party
49% United party
In the 1950s what did employment rise to from 482,000?
799,000
What act implemented segregation in SA, aka ‘Petty Aparthied’?
The Reservation of Separate Amenities Act 1953.
How did Apartheid change pass laws and when?
Natives Abolition of Passes Act 1952
Went from African males traveling outside reserves must carry a pass to all Africans had to carry a reference book and show it on demand.
When and what was the Urban Areas Act?
1952
Allowed certain Africans to enter cities
They had to have either worked there for 10 years or lived there for 15 years.
Roughly how many people were convicted under pass laws in 1951 and 52?
1951: 160,000 (164,324)
1962: 380,000 (384,497)
When was the Tomlinson report?
What did it say?
1955
Stated major funding to Bantustans agriculture could cause them to boom. £100 million was the figure.
Verwoerd turned it down because he thought it would give too much to the Africans
When was the Freedom Charter created?
1955
Established what rights and laws Africans wanted for equality.
How many people were arrested for the Treason Trial 1956?
156 members of the Congress Alliance
Did the Treason Trial damage opposition in any way?
It tied up ANC leaders in legal problems for several years.
No one got accused in the end, case dropped in 1961. It also got many leaders together to discuss their plans.
When was the ANC Youth League founded?
1944
Name three key people in the ANC Youth League.
Anton Lembede (leader)
Oliver Tambo
Nelson Mandela
A.P. Mda
Break down Defiance Campaign
1952, plan to have black crowds break segregation laws and get arrested. Overwhelm jails.
1500 people
East London, 800 people. Got out of control, 2 white police and a female nun were killed.
9 African deaths.
What was the significance of Defiance Campaign.
Increased ANC membership from 4,000 - 100,000.
Brought international attention to South Africa’s doings
When were women admitted into the ANC?
1943
Which protest did women of the ANC play an important role in?
Defiance Campaign
Break down Sekhukhuneland.
1957-58
NP planned to make Sk into a homeland so appointed puppet tribal chiefs there.
The residents knew about this so killed the chiefs that the gov appointed.
by May 1958, 9 of the fake chiefs had been killed.
When was the PAC founded?
1959
Name a PAC leaders.
Robert Sobukwe
Portlake Leballo
In a 1951 census, what % of black South Africans were literate?
24%
