Unit 1

Question 1

Name 3 Townships that were badly affected by the Group Areas Acts.

Answer 1

Sophiatown
Durban
District Six

Question 2

Detail the events of Sophiatown’s destruction.

Answer 2

Happened from 1950-1956

60,000 people removed

Question 3

Name two race laws passed.

Answer 3

Mixed Marriage Act 1949
Immorality Act 1950
Population Registration Act 1950

Question 4

List the key factors for the NP’s election victory in 1948.

Answer 4

First Past the post system
Smuts party too liberal
Afrikaner nationalism
fear of black urbanisation
poor white problem

Question 5

What was the vote % for each party in the 1948 election.

Answer 5

37% National party

49% United party

Question 6

In the 1950s what did employment rise to from 482,000?

Answer 6

799,000

Question 7

What act implemented segregation in SA, aka ‘Petty Aparthied’?

Answer 7

The Reservation of Separate Amenities Act 1953.

Question 8

How did Apartheid change pass laws and when?

Answer 8

Natives Abolition of Passes Act 1952
Went from African males traveling outside reserves must carry a pass to all Africans had to carry a reference book and show it on demand.

Question 9

When and what was the Urban Areas Act?

Answer 9

1952
Allowed certain Africans to enter cities
They had to have either worked there for 10 years or lived there for 15 years.

Question 10

Roughly how many people were convicted under pass laws in 1951 and 52?

Answer 10

1951: 160,000 (164,324)
1962: 380,000 (384,497)

Question 11

When was the Tomlinson report?

What did it say?

Answer 11

1955
Stated major funding to Bantustans agriculture could cause them to boom. £100 million was the figure.

Verwoerd turned it down because he thought it would give too much to the Africans

Question 12

When was the Freedom Charter created?

Answer 12

1955

Established what rights and laws Africans wanted for equality.

Question 13

How many people were arrested for the Treason Trial 1956?

Answer 13

156 members of the Congress Alliance

Question 14

Did the Treason Trial damage opposition in any way?

Answer 14

It tied up ANC leaders in legal problems for several years.

No one got accused in the end, case dropped in 1961. It also got many leaders together to discuss their plans.

Question 15

When was the ANC Youth League founded?

Answer 15

1944

Question 16

Name three key people in the ANC Youth League.

Answer 16

Anton Lembede (leader)
Oliver Tambo
Nelson Mandela
A.P. Mda

Question 17

Break down Defiance Campaign

Answer 17

1952, plan to have black crowds break segregation laws and get arrested. Overwhelm jails.
1500 people
East London, 800 people. Got out of control, 2 white police and a female nun were killed.
9 African deaths.

Question 18

What was the significance of Defiance Campaign.

Answer 18

Increased ANC membership from 4,000 - 100,000.

Brought international attention to South Africa’s doings

Question 19

When were women admitted into the ANC?

Answer 19

1943

Question 20

Which protest did women of the ANC play an important role in?

Answer 20

Defiance Campaign

Question 21

Break down Sekhukhuneland.

Answer 21

1957-58
NP planned to make Sk into a homeland so appointed puppet tribal chiefs there.
The residents knew about this so killed the chiefs that the gov appointed.
by May 1958, 9 of the fake chiefs had been killed.

Question 22

When was the PAC founded?

Answer 22

1959

Question 23

Name a PAC leaders.

Answer 23

Robert Sobukwe

Portlake Leballo

Question 24

In a 1951 census, what % of black South Africans were literate?

Answer 24

24%

Question 25

What did the 1959 Extension of University Education Act do?

Answer 25

Brought Fort Hare University under government control.

Before it had given rich Africans equal education to Whites.