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Folk and Myth Flash Cards > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Zeus (Jupiter)

A
  1. Supreme ruler of the Gods
  2. God of the Sky, Rain-God, and Cloud-Gatherer
  3. Wielded the thunderbolt
  4. Associated with the Iliad
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2
Q

Hera (Juno)

A
  1. Zeus’s wife and sister
  2. Ocean and Tethys created her
  3. Quest for the Golden Fleece, protector
  4. Argos was her favorite city. Cow and peacock were sacred.
  5. Protector of marriage
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3
Q

Poseidon (Neptune)

A
  1. Ruler of the sea
  2. Zeus’s brother
  3. Husband of Amphitrite
  4. Called “Earth-shaker”
  5. Carried a trident
  6. Connected with bull and horses
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4
Q

Hades (Pluto)

A
  1. Ruler of the underworld and the dead
  2. God of wealth
  3. “Dis” = rich
  4. Third brother of Olympians
  5. Husband of Persephone (Queen of the Lower World)
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5
Q

Pallas Athena (Minerva)

A
  1. Daughter of Zeus (no mother)
  2. Seen in the Iliad
  3. Goddess of the City, civilized life, or handicrafts and agriculture
  4. Zeus’s favorite child
  5. “gray-eyed”
  6. Associated with Athens, olive trees, and owls
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6
Q

Phoebus Apollo

A
  1. Son of Zeus and Leto
  2. Born in Delos
  3. “Most Greek of all the gods”
  4. Golden lyre
  5. Archer-god, the Healer, God of Truth and Light
  6. Mentioned in Iliad
  7. Direct link to Gods and men.
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7
Q

Artemis (Diana)

A
  1. Apollo’s twin sister, daughter of Zeus and Leto.
  2. Lady of Wild Things, Huntsman-in-chief, the Moon
  3. “goddess of three forms”
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8
Q

Aphrodite (Venus)

A
  1. Goddess of Love and Beauty.
  2. Daughter of Zeus and Dione in the Iliad
  3. “foam-risen”
  4. Wife of Hephaestus
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9
Q

Hermes (Mercury)

A
  1. Son of Zeus and Maia
  2. Extremely quick
  3. Wore winged sandals
  4. Zeus’s messenger
  5. Master Thief
  6. Appears more often in tales
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10
Q

Ares (Mars)

A
  1. God of War
  2. Son of Zeus and Hera
  3. Iliad
  4. Called murderous and blood-stained
  5. Romans like Mars more
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11
Q

Hephaestus (Vulcan and Mulciber)

A
  1. God of fire
  2. Son of Zeus and Hera
  3. Iliad and Odyssey
  4. Lives in a volcano
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12
Q

Hestia (Vesta)

A
  1. Zeus’s sister
  2. Virgin goddess
  3. Plays no parts in myth
  4. Goddess of the Hearth
  5. Vestals, priestesses that cared for her fire in Rome.
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13
Q

Eros

A
  1. Cupid in Latin
  2. God of Love
  3. Aeneid
  4. makes his home in men’s hearts
  5. Cannot do wrong
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14
Q

Hebes

A
  1. Goddess of Youth
  2. Daughter of Zeus and Hera
  3. Cupbearer to the Gods
  4. Married to Hercules
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15
Q

Iris

A
  1. Goddess of the rainbow
  2. messenger of the Gods
  3. Iliad
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16
Q

Graces

A
  1. Aglaia (Splendor), Euphrosyne (Mirth), and Thalia (Good Cheer)
  2. Daughters of Zeus and Eurynome
  3. Queens of Song
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17
Q

Muses

A
  1. Nine of them
  2. Daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne
  3. Originally not distinguished
  4. Had specific fields
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18
Q

Ocean

A
  1. Titan, lord of the river ocean (river that encircled the Earth)
  2. Husband of Tethys
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19
Q

Triton

A
  1. Trumpeter of the Sea
  2. Trumpet was a great shell
  3. Son of Poseidon and Amphitrite
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20
Q

Nereus

A
  1. Old man of the sea
  2. “A trusty god and gentle”
  3. Husband of Doris
  4. 50 daughters, nymphs of the sea
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21
Q

Naiads

A
  1. Water nymphs

2. Dwelled in brooks, springs, and fountains

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22
Q

Rivers of the Underworld

A
  1. Acheron, River of woe
  2. Acheron pours into Cocytus, River of lamentation
  3. Charon ferries souls across the rivers
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23
Q

Cerberus

A
  1. Guards the underworld’s gates
  2. three-headed, dragon-tailed dog.
  3. Spirits pass, but none return
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24
Q

Erinyes (Furies)

A
  1. Punish evildoers (Virgil)
  2. Ministers of justice
  3. Tisiphone, Megaera, and Alecto
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25
Q

Demeter (Ceres)

A
  1. Goddess of Corn
  2. Daughter of Cronus and Rhea
  3. Supreme deity of the Earth
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26
Q

Dionysus (Bacchus)

A
  1. God of the Vine

2. Supreme deity of the Earth

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27
Q

Pan (Faunus)

A
  1. Hermes’ son
  2. noisy
  3. Part animal (goat horns and hoofs_
  4. goatherds’ and shepherds’ god
  5. Musician
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28
Q

Silenus

A
  1. Pan’s son or brother (depending on story)
  2. Fat old man who rode an ass
  3. Was too drunk to walk
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29
Q

Castor

A
  1. Brother of Pollux
  2. Half life in both Heavens and mortal world
  3. Son of Leda
  4. Protector of Sailors
  5. Was a mortal who won half immortality due to his brother’s love.
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30
Q

Pollux

A
  1. Brother of Castor
  2. Son of Leda
  3. Protector of sailors
  4. Held to be divine
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31
Q

Sileni

A
  1. Part man, part horse
  2. two legs, but hoofs instead of feet
  3. Seen on Greek vases, no stories
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32
Q

Satyrs (Fauns)

A
  1. Goat-men

2. Like Pan

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33
Q

Oreads

A
  1. Nymphs of the mountains

2. Maiden forms

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34
Q

Dryads (Hamadryads)

A
  1. Nymphs of trees

2. life was bound up to a tree

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35
Q

Centaurs

A
  1. Half-men, half-horse
  2. Savage creatures
  3. Chiron was known as being good and wise
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36
Q

Gorgons

A
  1. Three in total, two were immortal
  2. Dragon-like creatures with wings
  3. Look turned men into stone
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37
Q

Graiae

A
  1. Lived on an island

2. Enchanting voices that led sailors to their death

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38
Q

Fates

A
  1. Moirae in Greek, Parcae in Latin

2. Clotho, the spinner; Lachesis, Disposer of Lots; Atropos, she who could not be turned.

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39
Q

Pomona

A
  1. Began as a numina

2. Fell in love with Vertumnus

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40
Q

Vertumnus

A
  1. Began as a numina

2. Fell in love with Pomona

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41
Q

Cronus (Saturn)

A
  1. Ruled over the titans until Zeus overthrew him

2. fled to Italy, bringing the Golden Age

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42
Q

Tethys

A
  1. Wife of Ocean
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43
Q

Mnemosyne

A
  1. Meaning memory
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44
Q

Themis

A
  1. Meaning Justice
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45
Q

Atlas

A
  1. Bore the world on his shoulders

2. Son of Iapetus

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46
Q

Prometheus

A
  1. Savior of mankind

2. Son of Iapetus

47
Q

Hymen

A
  1. God of the Wedding Feast

2. Accompanied by Eros

48
Q

Nemesis

A
  1. Personified emotion from Homer
  2. Righteous anger
  3. Will be a god only if all men become wicked
49
Q

Tartarus/Erebus

A
  1. Tartarus = deeper and prison of the Sons of Earth (typically used)
  2. Erebus = where the dead pass as soon as they die.
50
Q

Elysian Fields

A
  1. Where the good are sent
  2. Place of blessedness
  3. Decided by judges
51
Q

Boreas (Aquilo)

A
  1. North Wind

2. Controlled by Aeolus

52
Q

Zephyr (Favonius)

A
  1. West Wind

2. Controlled by Aeolus

53
Q

Eurus

A
  1. East Wind

2. Controlled by Aeolus

54
Q

Persephone

A
  1. Wife of Hades
  2. Dual deity
  3. Example of youth and beauty
  4. Symbol: scepter, torch, seed, and wheat
  5. Taken by Hades
55
Q

Io

A
  1. Naiad Nymph
  2. Zeus’s affection
  3. Zeus wrapped the sky with a heavy cloud to protect Io from Hera
  4. Tormented by Argus’s spirit
  5. Turned into a cow
56
Q

Psyche

A
  1. born with overwhelming beauty
  2. Travelled to Venus, gave her 4 tasks.
  3. Married Cupid
  4. Worshipped for her beauty
  5. Goddess of the soul
  6. Symbol: Butterfly wings
57
Q

Europa

A
  1. “Wide face”
  2. Cretan moon goddess
  3. Represents feminine beauty
  4. Married king of Crete (1st queen)
58
Q

Polyphemus

A
  1. Cyclops
  2. Odysseus travels to Sicily and explored a cave
  3. Stabbed in the eye and blinded
  4. Son of Poseidon (asked him to take revenge on Odysseus)
59
Q

Narcissus

A
  1. Huntsman (son of Cepheus and Liriope)
  2. Many fell in love with him but he rejected all of them
  3. Fell in love with his own reflection in a body of water
  4. Narcissus flower took his place
60
Q

Echo

A
  1. Oread nymph
  2. Fairest nymph
  3. Favored by Artemis
  4. Cursed by Hera to repeat the last thing she heard
  5. Infatuated with Narcissus but was rejected and ran into a cave
  6. Wasted away and repeated Narcissus
61
Q

Semele

A
  1. Princess of Thebes
  2. Daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia
  3. God of Concord and Harmony
  4. Zeus fell in love and she became pregnant
  5. Hera becomes jealous and tricks her
  6. Saw true form of Zeus and dies
  7. Mother of Dionysus
62
Q

Jason

A
  1. Son of Aeson and heir to Iolcus
  2. Sent on a suicide mission by Pelias
  3. Athena gave him a branch as a warning
  4. Killed Pelias
63
Q

Harpies

A
  1. Gluttonous half-women, half-bird
  2. Punish the guilty
  3. Punished Phineas for misusing the gift
  4. Chased to Strophades Isles
64
Q

Medea

A
  1. Daughter of Aeetes
  2. Fell in love with Jason
  3. Changed name to Medes and lived in Iran with locals
  4. Killed the king to give her father the throne
65
Q

Helios

A
  1. Titan god of the sun
  2. Guardian of the Oath and God of Sight
  3. Son of Hyperion
  4. Symbols: Rooster, white horse, black poplar, heliotrope, and frankincense
66
Q

Chiron

A
  1. Eldest and wisest of the centaurs
  2. Son of Cronus
  3. Became Sagittarius
67
Q

Heracles

A
  1. Son of Zeus and Alcmene

2. Performed 12 labors to make amends for his crimes

68
Q

Orpheus

A
  1. Best musician
  2. Worshipped no gods except Apollo
  3. Killed by Maenads for being an infidel to Dionysus
69
Q

Pyramus and Thisbe

A
  1. Romeo and Juliet equivalent
  2. Communicated through a crack in a wall
  3. Killed themselves thinking they were both dead
70
Q

Eurydice

A
  1. Nymph
  2. Married to Orpheus
  3. Bitten by a viper and died
  4. Knew that Orpheus loved her unconditionally
  5. Hades said that they couldn’t look at each other in the underworld
71
Q

Pygmalion

A
  1. Sculptor that hated women
  2. Created a sculpture that he fell in love with
  3. Cyprus
  4. Wife = Galatea
  5. Father of Paphos
72
Q

Galatea

A
  1. Made of ivory
  2. symbol: a blooming flower
  3. Rarely talked and didn’t have opinions
73
Q

Baucis and Philemon

A
  1. Old couple that lived in poverty (peaceful)
  2. Lived in Phrygia
  3. hospitable to Zeus and Hermes when no one in the city helped them
  4. Made them temple priests and died together at the same time.
  5. Became intertwining trees
74
Q

Endymion

A
  1. Handsome shepherd who was loved by Selene
  2. Son of Kalkye and Aethlios
  3. Symbol: youth
75
Q

Alpheus

A
  1. River god of Eponymous river
  2. son of Oceanus and Tethys
  3. Married Telgone and birthed Kind Orsilochous
76
Q

Arethusa

A
  1. Naiad nymph of the sacred spring

2. Appeared on coins around Ortygia

77
Q

Phaethon

A
  1. Son of Helios
  2. Tried to ride chariot across the sky to prove that he was the son of Helios.
  3. Couldn’t control it and incinerated half of the Earth.
  4. Zeus struck him down and died in the river Po
78
Q

Otus and Ephialtes

A
  1. Children of Poseidon and Iphimidea
  2. Twin giants
  3. Thought they were superior
  4. Angered the gods
  5. Tried to kidnap Hera and Artemis
  6. Killed each other accidentally.
79
Q

Pegasus

A
  1. Immortal winged horse
  2. Born by Medusa’s blood
  3. Belonged to Belephron
  4. Zeus took him
80
Q

Bellerophon

A
  1. Son of Poseidon and Eurynome
  2. Killed his brother accidentally
  3. Defeated chimera
  4. Husband of Philonoe
  5. Believed he was worthy of Mt. Olympus but was killed
81
Q

Midas

A
  1. King of Phrygia
  2. Known for greed and foolishness
  3. Turned everything he touched into gold (Dionysus
  4. Midas Star
82
Q

Daedalus

A
  1. Inventor, architect, and craftsman
  2. Descendant of Hephaestus
  3. Father of Icarus
  4. Constructed labyrinth
  5. Imprisoned in the labyrinth but escaped by making wings but fell into the sea
  6. Killed by Minos
83
Q

Icarus

A
  1. Father made him wings out of feathers and wax
  2. Warned to not fly too high
  3. Fell into the sea
  4. Ikarian sea
84
Q

Minotaur (Astenio)

A
  1. Son of Pasiphae and Poseidon
  2. Minos prayed to Poseidon for a sacrifice
  3. Poseidon cursed Minos’s wife to fall in love with a bull
  4. Ate people since that was his only food source.
85
Q

Theseus

A
  1. Greatest Athenian hero
  2. Son of Aegeus and Aethra
  3. Married Adriadne
  4. Killed minotaur
  5. Symbol: Sword and sandals
86
Q

Aegeus

A
  1. Son of Pandion and grandson of Cecrops
  2. Married Aethra
  3. Founder of Athens
  4. Killed himself since he believed that Theseus was killed.
  5. Sea named Aegean
87
Q

Phaedra

A
  1. Sister of Ariadne and half-sister to Minotaur
  2. Killed herself because Hippolytus didn’t like her
  3. Wrote a suicide letter that got Hippolytus killed
88
Q

Amazons

A
  1. Warrior women
  2. Daughters of nymph
  3. Ares was the father
  4. Penthesilea and Hippolyta were the queens of the Amazons
89
Q

Arachne

A
  1. Skilled weaver who challenged Athena

2. Lost and turned into a spider

90
Q

Callisto

A
  1. Daughter of Lycaon
  2. Attendant of Artemis
  3. Vow of chastity
  4. Transformed into a bear
  5. Constellation Arctophylax (Ursa Major and Ursa Minor)
91
Q

Hecate

A
  1. Daughter of Perseus and Asteria
  2. Scylla, Circa, Aeetes, and Pasiphae
  3. Triple bodied
92
Q

Circe

A
  1. Vengeful lover
  2. Goddess of magic, a specialist in herbs and potions
  3. Turned enemies into animals
  4. Symbols: lions, pigs, mandrake, and nightshades
93
Q

Atlanta

A
  1. Daughter of Schoeneus
  2. Abandoned in woods and found by Artemis
  3. Huntress
  4. Sailed with Argonauts
  5. Married Hippomenes after losing a foot race
  6. Turned into a lion by Aphrodite as punishment for desecrating a temple.
94
Q

Pleiades

A
  1. Seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione
  2. Had children with gods except for Merope who married king Sisyphus
  3. Zeus protects them from Orion and makes the stars
95
Q

Orion

A
  1. Son of Poseidon and Euryale
  2. Walked on water
  3. Giant hunter with an unbreakable club made of bronze
  4. Hunted for the Pleiades
96
Q

Perseus

A
  1. Son of Danae and Zeus
  2. Reduced Andromeda from a sea serpent, fell in love with her and married her
  3. Accidently killed his grandfather in a discus competition
  4. Killed Medusa
  5. Used head to kill king
97
Q

Medusa

A
  1. Mortal gorgon
  2. Punished by Athena to become a gorgon
  3. Killed by Medusa
98
Q

Maenads

A
  1. Female followers of Dionysus

2. Chaotic

99
Q

Ariadne

A
  1. Daughter of King Minos
100
Q

Gaea

A
  1. Wife and mother of Uranus

2. Mother to all

101
Q

Rhea

A
  1. Titan
  2. Sister of Cronus
  3. Gives birth to Zeus and many of the Gods
102
Q

Pandora

A
  1. A mortal made by Zeus to punish Prometheus for stealing fire
  2. Opens Pandora’s box and releases horrors into the world
103
Q

Aeneas

A
  1. Survivor of the Trojan War
  2. Son of Venus and Anchises
  3. Found Rome
104
Q

Dido

A
  1. Queen of Carthage
  2. Lover of Aeneas
  3. Kills herself with his sword when he leaves
105
Q

Sibyl

A
  1. Priestess of Apollo
  2. Guides Aeneas through the underworld
  3. Commanded him to find a golden branch to test his fate
106
Q

Lavinia

A
  1. Latinus’s daughter
  2. Turnus and Aeneas fight on who will marry her
  3. Aeneas marries her and she gives birth to Silvius who becomes the ruler of the Alba Longa
107
Q

Turnus

A
  1. Commander of Latium’s army
  2. Killed by Aeneas
  3. Son of Daunus and Venilia
108
Q

Hyacinthus

A
  1. Lover of Apollo

2. Attempted to impress him but was killed in the process with a discus

109
Q

Adonis

A
  1. God of Beauty and Desire

2. Son of Thesias

110
Q

Ceyx

A
  1. Son of Hesperus
  2. King of Trachis
  3. Died due to a storm
111
Q

Alcyone

A
  1. Daughter of Aeolus

2. Killed herself after she learned of her husband’s death

112
Q

Morpheus

A
  1. Dispatched to Alcyone of Ceyx’s death
113
Q

Tantalus

A
  1. Eternal Punishment in Tartarus
  2. Punished by Zeus to be forever hungry and thirsty
  3. Killed his son

Folk and Myth Flash Cards (1 decks)

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