Unit 1 Flashcards
(130 cards)
Historical Factors
- events that happened in the past
- continue to inspire people
Social factors
- the way society is organized or structured
- relationship among people, who is important? , included/excluded, how society works out conflict/challenges
Economic factors
- the state of the economy, financial status of individuals
- level of employment, prosperity vs hardship, economic equality vs inequality, government spending & revenue
Geographic factors
- factors related to geographical conditions
- location, landform, climate, resources
Political factors
- type of government and level of satisfaction people have for it.
- amount of individual freedom vs government control, security of country
Old regime
Way French society was organized
Divine Right Theory
Rule by the will of god
First Estate
- Roman Catholic Clergy
- 0.5% of population (100,000)
- owned ~10% of land
- paid no taxes
- except voluntary contribution every five years
- collected tithes from all citizens
- responsible for all education, recordkeeping, the poor, and hospitals
Second estate
- nobility or Aristocracy
- nobles of sword
- nobles of robes
- 1.5% of population (400,000)
- 25% of land
- exempt from most taxes
- taille (general) -corvee (labors) - special privileges of hunting and fishing
- access to higher positions in army, church, government
Third estate
- commoners
- 98% of population
- 85% peasants
- urban workers
- bourgeoisie
- heavily taxed
- corvee, taille, salt tax
- 70% of income
- corvee, taille, salt tax
Immediate causes of revolution
Crop Failures
-flour shortages, increased bread prices
Financial Crisis
- on verge of bankruptcy
- involvement in wars, imperial wars, American war of independence - Luxury living of the court
Palace of Versailles
residence of royal family, not in capital
Jacques Necker
Beloved financial minister, proposed tax reforms, needed support of all three estates
Estates general
Ancient French law making body, every estate gets 1 vote
National Assembly
Created by third estate because they were unhappy about voting in estates general,
Tennis court oath
National Assembly will not disband until a constitution is written
Bastille
Old fortress used as prison in Paris
Storming of Bastille
July 14, 1789
marks the start of French Revolution
Camille Desmoulins
Journalist, encouraged people to take up arms before storming of Bastille
Joseph Lafayette
Commander of National Guard
Appointed after storming of Bastille
August Decrees
Degrees of N.A.
- all rights and privileges abolished
- everyone pays taxes
- churches ceased right to collect taxes
- all makes eligible for church and gov. postions
Declaration Of the rights of Man
- All men born and remain free and equal in rights
- king refused to sign it
- troops assembled
March on Versailles
- 5000-6000 women march to Versailles
- demand bread for their families
- demands recognition of the declaration of rights of man
- royal family move to Tuileries
Assignats
paper money that was printed to address imminent bankruptcy, more money, printed less value