Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Where are protons found?

A

In the nucleus.

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2
Q

What is the charge on a proton?

A

Positive.

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3
Q

What’s the mass of a proton?

A

1.

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4
Q

Where are electrons found?

A

Outside the nucleus.

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5
Q

What is the charge on an electron?

A

-1.

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6
Q

What the mass of an electron?

A

0.

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7
Q

Where are neutrons found?

A

In the nucleus.

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8
Q

What is the charge in a neutron?

A

No charge.

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9
Q

What is the mass of a neutron?

A

1.

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10
Q

What are the charges on atoms in general?

A

Neutral, because charges on protons and electrons cancel each other out.

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11
Q

How do elements in the same group have similar chemical reactions?

A

Because they have the same/similar amount of electrons.

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12
Q

What are isotopes?

A

When atomic numbers are the same, but mass numbers are different.

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13
Q

What are covalent bonds?

A

When non-metal atoms combine with other non-metal atoms.

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14
Q

How do double covalent bonds work?

A

When two of the same element share electrons with each other to become stable.

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15
Q

Can a covalent compound conduct? At solid? Liquid?

A

No. It can’t conduct at any state.

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16
Q

What boiling/melting points does a covalent molecular compound have?

A

Low melting and boiling point.

17
Q

What’s the melting/boiling point for a covalent network?

A

High melting and boiling point.

18
Q

What are ionic compounds?

A

When non-metal ions and metal ions combine.

19
Q

How do ionic bonds work?

A

Force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. (Opposites attract 7u7)

20
Q

What’s a crystal lattice?

A

Arrangement of ions in a solid.

21
Q

Do ionic compounds conduct? At solid? At liquid?

A

Doesn’t conduct as a solid, but conducts as a liquid or molten state.

22
Q

What’s the boiling/melting point of a ionic compound?

A

High melting point.

23
Q

What makes an acid acidic?

A

Presence of H+ ions.

24
Q

What does it mean when water becomes ‘chlorinated’?

A

It becomes acidic.

25
Q

What makes a solution alkali?

A

Presence of hydroxide ions, OH-

26
Q

What is a base?

A

What neutralises an acid.

27
Q

What’s an alkali in terms of bases?

A

A soluble base.

28
Q

Describe the equation when an acid combines with a metal oxide.

A

Acid + metal oxide -> salt and water.

29
Q

Describe the equation when an acid combines with a metal carbonate.

A

Acid + metal carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide.

30
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

Compounds consisting of only carbon and hydrogen.