Unit 1 Flashcards
Where are protons found?
In the nucleus.
What is the charge on a proton?
Positive.
What’s the mass of a proton?
1.
Where are electrons found?
Outside the nucleus.
What is the charge on an electron?
-1.
What the mass of an electron?
0.
Where are neutrons found?
In the nucleus.
What is the charge in a neutron?
No charge.
What is the mass of a neutron?
1.
What are the charges on atoms in general?
Neutral, because charges on protons and electrons cancel each other out.
How do elements in the same group have similar chemical reactions?
Because they have the same/similar amount of electrons.
What are isotopes?
When atomic numbers are the same, but mass numbers are different.
What are covalent bonds?
When non-metal atoms combine with other non-metal atoms.
How do double covalent bonds work?
When two of the same element share electrons with each other to become stable.
Can a covalent compound conduct? At solid? Liquid?
No. It can’t conduct at any state.
What boiling/melting points does a covalent molecular compound have?
Low melting and boiling point.
What’s the melting/boiling point for a covalent network?
High melting and boiling point.
What are ionic compounds?
When non-metal ions and metal ions combine.
How do ionic bonds work?
Force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. (Opposites attract 7u7)
What’s a crystal lattice?
Arrangement of ions in a solid.
Do ionic compounds conduct? At solid? At liquid?
Doesn’t conduct as a solid, but conducts as a liquid or molten state.
What’s the boiling/melting point of a ionic compound?
High melting point.
What makes an acid acidic?
Presence of H+ ions.
What does it mean when water becomes ‘chlorinated’?
It becomes acidic.
What makes a solution alkali?
Presence of hydroxide ions, OH-
What is a base?
What neutralises an acid.
What’s an alkali in terms of bases?
A soluble base.
Describe the equation when an acid combines with a metal oxide.
Acid + metal oxide -> salt and water.
Describe the equation when an acid combines with a metal carbonate.
Acid + metal carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide.
What are hydrocarbons?
Compounds consisting of only carbon and hydrogen.
