Unit 1 Flashcards
What is Child Find?
The school district’s responsibility under IDEA to identify, track and plan for education needs of students with disabilities.
What is the Continuum of Services?
Options for the least restrictive environment. There are 7 levels. 1) General Education Classroom 2) General Education Classroom with Consultative Services 3) General Education with Instruction, Co-Teaching, or Other Services 4) General Education Classroom with Resource Room Services 5) Full-time special education classroom 6) Special School 7) Special Facilities, Non-Public School (day or residential)
What are the 13 disability categories identified under IDEA?
Autism, deaf-blindness, deafness, emotional disturbance, hearing impairments, intellectual disabilities, multiple disabilities, orthopedic impairments, other health impairments, specific learning disabilities, speech or language impairments, traumatic brain injury, and visual impairments including blindness.
Autism
A developmental disability usually manifested by the age of 3. Includes impairment in communication and reciprocal social interaction, resistance to change, engagement in repetitive behaviors, and unusual responses to sensory stimuli.
Deaf-Blindness
Children in this disability category have moderate to severe impairments in both vision and hearing. Creates such needs that they cannot effectively be serviced in programs strictly for the blind or deaf.
Deafness
Individuals with deafness have hearing impairments so severe that processing linguistic information through hearing is severely limited, with or without amplification, and educational performance is negatively impacted.
Emotional Disturbance
This category includes individuals with a condition in one or more of the following areas over an extended period of time: (a) inability to learn, not due to intellectual, sensory, or health problems; (b) inability to build and maintain social relationships with peers and teachers; (c) inappropriate behavior and affect; (d) general pervasive depression or unhappiness; (e) tendency to develop fears or physical symptoms associated with school and personal problems; and (f) schizophrenia (a disorder in perception of reality). According to the federal definition, emotional disturbance is not intended to apply to socially maladjusted children unless they are also characterized as having serious emotional disturbance.
Hearing Impairments
Hearing impairments, with or without amplification, affect educational performance and developmental progress. The impairment may be permanent or fluctuating, mild to profound, unilateral or bilateral, but this category includes impairments not included under the definition of deafness.
Intellectual Disabilities
Intellectual disabilities (referred to as mental retardation in IDEA) describes significantly below-average intellectual functioning, as well as concurrent deficits in “adaptive behavior” (age-appropriate personal independence and social responsibility). It is manifested between birth and age 18 and negatively affects educational performance.
Multiple Disabilities
This category includes any individuals with two or more disabling conditions. However, this category often includes intellectual disability as one of the categories and is usually used when disorders are serious and interrelated to such an extent that it is difficult to identify the primary area of disability. It does not include deaf-blindness.
Orthopedic Impairments
Orthopedic impairments are associated with physical conditions that seriously impair mobility or motor activity. This category includes individuals with cerebral palsy, individuals with diseases of the skeleton or muscles (such as poliomyelitis), and accident victims.
Other Health Impairments
This category includes chronic or acute health-related difficulties that adversely affect educational performance and are manifested by limited strength, vitality, or alertness. It can include such health problems as heart conditions, sickle-cell anemia, lead poisoning, diabetes, and epilepsy. It can also include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Specific Learning Disabilities
This category refers to a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using spoken or written language, which can result in difficulties in reading, writing, listening, speaking, thinking, spelling, or mathematics. The term learning disabilities does not apply to children with learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or physical disabilities; intellectual disability; emotional disturbance; or environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage.
Speech or Language Impairments
This category includes disorders of articulation, fluency, voice, or language that adversely affect educational performance.
Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury is an acquired injury to the brain due to external force resulting in a total or partial disability, psychosocial impairment, or both, which negatively affects educational performance (does not apply to congenital or degenerative injuries or to brain injuries acquired during birth).
Visual Impairments, Including Blindness
A visual impairment is a loss of vision that, even when corrected, affects educational performance. It may be mild to moderate to severe in nature. Students who are blind are unable to read print and usually learn to read and write using braille. Students with low vision can usually read when the print is enlarged sufficiently.
Other Instances of Classroom Diversity
Culturally and linguistically diverse groups, at-risk students, and gifted and talented students.
504 Plan
Offers accommodations to students with disabilities or health problems who do not qualify for special education.
