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APHUG > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Geography

A

The study of where things are found on Earth’s surface and the reasons for the locations

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2
Q

Place

A

A specific point on Earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic

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3
Q

Region

A

An area of Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics

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4
Q

Scale

A

The relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

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5
Q

Space

A

The physical gap or interval between two objects

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6
Q

Connection

A

Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

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7
Q

map

A

two dimensional or flat scale model of Earth’s surface, or a portion of it

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8
Q

cartoraphy

A

the science of map making

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9
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

a system that determines the precise position of something on Earth

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10
Q

geotagging

A

identification and storage of a piece of info by its precise latitude and longitude coordinates

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11
Q

Geographic Information Science (GIScience)

A

analysis of data about Earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies

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12
Q

geographic information system (GIS)

A

captures, store, queries, and displays the geographic data

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13
Q

remote sensing

A

the acquisition of data about Earth’s surface and transmit images in digital form to a receiving station on Earth’s surface

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14
Q

Volunteered geographic information (VGI)

A

the creation and dissemination of geographic data contributed voluntarily and for free by individuals

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15
Q

citizen science

A

scientific research by amateur scientists

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16
Q

participatory GIS (PGIS)

A

community-based mapping

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17
Q

mashup

A

a map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service

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18
Q

map scale

A

the relationship of a feature’s size on a map to its actual size on Earth

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19
Q

projection

A

the scientific method of transferring locations on Earth’s surface to a flat map

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20
Q

meridian

A

an arc drawn between the North and South poles

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21
Q

longitude

A

the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distances east and west of the prime meridian

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22
Q

parallel

A

a circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians

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23
Q

latitude

A

the numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator

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24
Q

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

A

the time at the prime meridian and the master reference time for all points on Earth

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25
Q

International Date Line

A

an arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When the International Date Line is crossed heading east, the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day. When it is crossed going west, the calendar moves ahead one day.top

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26
Q

toponym

A

the name given to a place on Earth

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27
Q

site

A

the physical character of a place

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28
Q

situation

A

the location of a place relative to other places

29
Q

cultural landscape

A

a combination of cultural features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation

30
Q

formal region/uniform region

A

an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics

31
Q

functional region/nodal region

A

an area organized around a node or focal point

32
Q

vernacular/perceptual region

A

an area that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity

33
Q

culture

A

the body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people

34
Q

spatial association

A

occurs within a region if the distribution of one feature is related to the distribution of another feature

35
Q

globalization

A

a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope

36
Q

transnational corporation

A

conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters and principal shareholders are located

37
Q

distribution

A

the arrangement of a feature in space

38
Q

density

A

the frequency with which something occurs in space

39
Q

concentration

A

the extent of a feature’s spread over space

40
Q

pattern

A

the geometric arrangement of objects in space

41
Q

potstructural geography

A

examines how the powerful in a society dominate, or seek to control

42
Q

humanistic geography

A

a branch of human geography that emphasizes the different ways that individuals form ideas about place and give those places symbolic meanings

43
Q

Behavorial geography

A

emphasizes the importance of understanding the psychological basis for individual human actions in space

44
Q

uneven development

A

the increasing gap in economic condition between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy

45
Q

assimilation

A

the process by which a group’s cultural features are altered to resemble those of another group

46
Q

acculturation

A

the process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups

47
Q

syncretism

A

the combination of elements of two groups into a new cultural feature

48
Q

relocation diffusion

A

the process by which a feature spreads across space from one place to another another over time

49
Q

expansion diffusion

A

the spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process

50
Q

Hierarchical diffusion

A

the spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places

51
Q

contagious diffusion

A

a rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population

52
Q

stimulus diffusion

A

the spread of an underlying principle even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse

53
Q

network

A

a chain of communication that connects places

54
Q

distance decay

A

the diminished importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

55
Q

space-time compression

A

the reduction in time it takes for something to reach another place

56
Q

resource

A

a substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

57
Q

sustainability

A

the use of Earth’s resources in ways that ensure their availability in the future

58
Q

climate

A

the long-term average weather condition at a particular location

59
Q

cultural ecology

A

the geographic study of human-environment relationships

60
Q

Environmental Determinism

A

a doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by physical environment

61
Q

Possibilism

A

the physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment

62
Q

Polder

A

a piece of land that is created by draining water from an area

63
Q

Globalization

A

a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope

64
Q

Transnational Corporation

A

a company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located

65
Q

Distribution

A

the arrangement of a feature in space

66
Q

density

A

the frequency with which something occurs in space

67
Q

concentration

A

the extent of a feature’s spread over space

68
Q

pattern

A

the geometric arrangement of objects in space

APHUG (1 decks)

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