Unit 1 Flashcards
What was the earliest Prehistoric Age?
Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)
What Age was marked with advanced tool makings and the beginnings of agriculture?
Neolithic Age (New Stone Age)
What was the revolution known as the shift from hunter-gatherers towards more permanent settlements centered on agriculture?
Neolithic Revolution
What was a Nomad?
A member of a group that has no permanent home
What was Slash-and-Burn farming?
Type of farming where people burned trees and grasses to clear the field and used the fertile soil for crops.
What was an Institution?
A long-lasting pattern of organization in a community
What was cuneiform?
A system of writing used by Sumerians.
How was a dynasty run?
The power is passed on from generation.
How is a ruler viewed in a theocracy?
A ruler is viewed as a divine leader.
Who used hieroglyphics?
Egyptians had used hieroglyphics on papyrus.
What happened during the Bronze Age?
This was a period around 3000 B.C. in which some areas began using bronze.
Define Specialization.
The development of skills in a particular kind of work, such as trading or record keeping.
Define Artifact.
A human-made object, such as a tool, weapon, or piece of jewelry.
What is special about a hominid?
A hominid was a special member of a biological group including humans that can walk upright.
Define Technology.
The way in which people apply knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs.
What was the job of an artisan?
Artisan’s jobs were weavers or potters that made goods by hand.
What was the job of a scribe?
Their job was to be professional record keepers.
What was barter?
It was a form of trade in which people exchange goods and services without the use of money.
What was a ziggurat used for?
It was used as a Sumerian temple.
Define Homosapiens
The biological species to which modern humans belong to.
Define Fertile Crescent
An arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea.
Define City-state
A city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit.
Define Dynasty
A series of rulers from a single family
What were the rivers of Mesopotamia?
Tigris and Euphrates
Define Cultural Diffusion
The spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another.
Define Polytheism
A belief in many gods.
Define Empire
A political unit in which a number of peoples or countries are controlled by a single ruler.
Who was Hammurabi?
The Babylonian emperor who created the first written set of laws.
What was Babylon?
A city in Mesopotamia that became an important capital
Define Delta
A marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river.
Who is Narmer (Menes)
Pharaoh has given credit for uniting Upper and Lower Egypt
Define Pharoah
A king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader.
What is a pyramid?
A massive structure with a rectangular base and four triangular sides, like those that were built in Egypt as burial places for Old Kingdom pharaohs.
Define Mummification
A process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying.
Define Reed
A tall reed that grows in the Nile delta, used by the ancient Egyptians to make a paper-like material for writing on.
Define Nile River
River whose regular flood cycles helped build Egyptian civilization
