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WHistory > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The view about him changed dramatically en the 20th century from grave hero to racist villain

A

Cristopher Columbus

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2
Q

The most important event of 15th century

A

Columbus’ voyage

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3
Q

Other significant events of the 15th century

A

1 Last major nomadic invasion (Turkic warrior Timur)
2 Russia’s empire-building began
3 The Renaissance took over European culture
4 Chinese fleet explored Indian Ocean, then stopped
5 Islamic Ottoman Empire crushed Constantinople
6 Spanish Christians “re conquered” Iberia from Muslims
7 Aztec/Inca Empires shined brightly like a meteor, then were swallowed by Europe’s imperialism

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4
Q

Paleolithic groups in 1400’s

A

Australia, Siberia, Arctic Coasts, parts of Africa and Americas

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5
Q

Paleolithic. 250 groups, Had some cultural practices from outsiders. Agriculture. Fire stick Farming.

A

Australia

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6
Q

Controlled burns to make hunting easier

A

Fire stick farming

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7
Q

Chinookan, Tulalip. Skagit peoples. Complex hunting/gathering cultures. 300 edible animal species (salmon)

A

Northwest Coast, North America

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8
Q

Differences between Australia and elsewhere

A

(Elsewhere) Permanent villages, large homes, economic specialization, slavery, chiefdoms, ranked society, storage of food

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9
Q

Fully agricultural, but not Empires and not part of city-based societies

A

Agricultural Village Societies

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10
Q

Two examples of agricultural village societies

A

Igbo in West Africa and Iroquois in eastern North America

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11
Q

Igbo and Iroquois victims of…

A

Burgeoning empires

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12
Q

A stateless society. No kings. Title societies with balance of power in kinship groups. Traded with kingdom of Songhai. Changed to patrilineal system. Transatlantic slave trade altered their lives.

A

Igbo

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13
Q

Recently agricultural. Frequently warfare among tribes.

A

Iroquois

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14
Q

Warfare triggered political innovation

A

An alliance among 5 Iroquois-speaking tribes (5Nations)

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15
Q

Clear gender equality in Iroquois society

A

Women selected political leaders

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16
Q

Nomadic group that controlled Persia in the 15th century

A

Pastoral people’s

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17
Q

Turkic warrior that attacked Russia, Persia, India in the 1400s

A

Timer

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18
Q

Ancient Chinese civilization was disrupted by century of…

A

Mongol rule

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19
Q

Chinese civilizations had a smaller population because of the

A

Plague

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20
Q

China recovered in…

A

Mint Dynasty

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21
Q

Emperor Yongle

A

Sponsored massive Encyclopedia.
Relocated capital to Beijing.
Built forbidden city and Temple of Heaven.

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22
Q

China “turned back the clock” culturally to…

A

Confucian learning

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23
Q

Chin’s exam system was…

A

Renewed

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24
Q

Who commissioned an enormous fleet from Chinese dynasty

A

Emperor Yongle

25
Q

The Chinese voyages went throughout…

A

The Indian and Pacific Oceans

26
Q

The Chinese voyages were captained by…

A

A Muslim eunuch named Zheng He

27
Q

Why does ness voyages stopped?

A

Death of Yongle
Fleet seen as waste of resources
Danger from Northern nomads
Voyages viewed as project of eunuchs

28
Q

Which were the Chinese voyages goals?

A

To gather states into China’s tribute system
Bring order to the world
DID NOT TRY TO CONQUER OR SPREAD CULTURE

29
Q

Similarity between China and Europe in the 14th century

A

Recovering from the Plague

30
Q

Differences between China and Europe in the state building

A

China was centralized while Europe was fragmented

China didn’t have wars while Europe had the Hundred Years War

31
Q

Where started Europe’s Renaissance?

A

Italy

32
Q

Fostered a new era in art literature politics…

A

Renaissance

33
Q

The renaissance brought Europe back in contact with the original…

A

Greco-Roman world

34
Q

Who where the heroes of the European Renaissance?

A

Painters, sculptors, humanists…

35
Q

Wrote The Prince, prescription for political success in real world of Italy’s city-states

A

Niccolo Machiavelli

36
Q

Which were Niccolo Machiavelli’s two main phrases

A

Much safer to be feared than loved.

The end justifies the means

37
Q

Daughter of Venice official, lived mostly in Paris. Anti-misogyny in writings.
Wrote in City of Ladies that women deserved equal education.

A

Christine de Pizan

38
Q

Key trait of Renaissance

A

More focus on worldly affairs than religious truth.

The dawn of commercial explosion and capitalist economy

39
Q

Where did the European exploration start?

A

Portugal- Columbus leaving Spain arrive to the Americas
Vasco da Gama rounded Africa and made it to India
Both in the 15th century

40
Q

A positive consequence for Columbus mistake

A

Opened the door for massive Spanish colonization of the New World

41
Q

How many ships did Columbus have?

A

3- La Niña, La Pinta y la Santa Maria

Crew of 90 people

42
Q

What were Europe motivations in their voyages?

A

Wanted wealth (gold), goods, land, Christian converts

43
Q

What were China’s motivation for their voyages?

A

They needed no allies, had no unifying religion, wanted no “colonies”. (They led nowhere)

44
Q

Which was China and Europe common problem?

A

Growing population and land shortage
China expanded by land
Europe by oceanic expansion

45
Q

Which were the new four Islamic states?

A

Ottoman Empire,

46
Q

Which was the most powerful of the four Empires?

A

The Ottoman Empire

47
Q

Which parts did the Ottoman Empire occupy?

A

Anatolian peninsula and SE Europe

48
Q

Where did the Ottoman Empire extended after?

A

Middle East/N Africa

49
Q

How were the Ottomans called after taking Constantinople?

A

The terror of the Turk

50
Q

Which was the Ottoman’s official religion?

A

Sunni

51
Q

Which was the Safavid’s official religion?

A

Shia

52
Q

Where was the Safavid Empire located?

A

Persia

53
Q

Songhay Empire urban elite city

A

Timbuktu

54
Q

Which Empire became the major center of Islamic learning and commerce?

A

Songhay Empire

55
Q

The Mughal Empire represented interactions between which two civilizations?

A

Islamic and Hindu civilizations

56
Q

Which peninsula did the Mughals controlled?

A

Indian peninsula

57
Q

What positive consequences did the 4 Empires bring to the Islamic world?

A

Political coherence, military power, economic prosperity, cultural brilliance

58
Q

Transformed from fishing village to major Muslim port-city. City known from “rough behavior”

A

Malacca

59
Q

Which was the Aztec empire’s capital city?

A

Tenochtitlan

WHistory (8 decks)

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