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Child Development > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q 
The study of how children grow in different ways
Physically 
Intellectually 
Emotionally 
Socially
A

Child development

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2
Q

A way of acting and responding that is common at each stage of childhood

A

Typical behavior

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3
Q

Any activity that arouses a baby’s senses

A

Stimulation

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4
Q

Biological transfer of certain characteristics from earlier generations

A

Heredity

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5
Q 
The people, places, things that surround and influence a person
Family
Home
School
Community
A

Environment

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6
Q

Believed that the personality developes through stages
Adult life is affected by childhood experiences
Significance= childhood is more important and longer lasting than we thought

A

Sigmund Freud

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7
Q

First to study children scientifically
Focused on how children learn
Children go through 4 stages of learning
Significance= learning tasks should be age and level of development appropriate

A

Jean Piaget

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8
Q

Biological development and cultural experiences influence children’s ability to learn
Social interaction is important for intellectual development
Significance= children should have the opportunity to socialize with kids their own age

A

Len Vygotsky

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9
Q

Personality developes in stages
Each stage has a crisis
Crisis handled positively then development occurs normally
Significance= parents should be aware of the children’s needs during each stage and support them through the crisis

A

Erik erickson

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10
Q

If children act a certain way and something good happens then they will keep doing that action but if the result is bad then the action will stop
Significance= parents can affect a child’s behavior through positive and negative feedback

A

B. F skinner

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11
Q

Outlined layers of environment that affects child’s development
Significance= relationship with parents should be stable, loving, lasting

A

Urie bronfenbrenner

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12
Q

Children learn through imitation
Environment shapes behavior
Behavior affects the environment
Significance= parents should set good examples for kids to follow

A

Albert Bandura

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13
Q

To rely on personal opinions and feelings rather than facts to judge an event

A

Subjective

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14
Q

Something is factual, leaves aside personal feelings and prejudices

A

Objective

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15
Q

A record of everything observed for a set period

A

Running record

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16
Q

A report of a child’s actions that concentrates on a specific behavior or area of development

A

Anecdotal record

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17
Q

A tally of how often a certain behavior occurs

A

Frequency count

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18
Q

A list of skills or behaviors kids should show at a certain age

A

Developmental checklist

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19
Q

Analysis an observer forms and expresses about what was observed

A

Interpretation

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20
Q

The protection of another person’s privacy by limiting access to personal information

A

Confidentiality

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21
Q

The process of caring for children and helping them to grow and develop

A

Parenting

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22
Q

Your beliefs and values about sexual behavior

A

Sexuality

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23
Q

Chemical in the body that controls the changes that occur as teens become sexually mature

A

Hormones

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24
Q

The decision to not have sex

A

Abstinence

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25
Sexually transmitted infections
Stis
26
An adoption in which the birth parents don't know anything about the adoptive parents
Confidential adoption
27
An adoption where the birth parents and adoptive parents know some things about each other
Open adoption
28
``` Image making Nurturing Authority Interpretive Interdependent Departure ```
Galinsky's stages of parenthood
29
Includes a mom, dad, at least one child
Nuclear family
30
Either a mom or dad and at least one kid
Single parent family
31
Family that is formed when a person marries a person and there are kids
Blended family
32
Includes mom and or dad, at least one kid, and relative
Extended family
33
Authoritarian Assertive- democratic Permissive
3 parenting styles
34
Using firmness and understanding to help children learn how to behave
Guidance
35
The ability of children to control their own behavior
Self discipline
36
A response that encourages a particular behavior
Positive reinforcement
37
Response that encourages a behavior to stop
Negative reinforcement
38
``` Couple stage Expanding stage Developing stage Launching stage Middle stage Retirement stage ```
Family life cycle
39
Marriage Adoption Abortion Single parenthood
Options for teen parents
40
Pregnancy | Begin to imagine themselves as parents
Image making
41
Birth to age two | Become emotionally attached to child
Nurturing
42
Age two years to 4-5 years Determine rules Clarify authority
Authority
43
Ages 4-5 to age 13 Rethink role as parents Decide what knowledge, skills, values kids need
Interpretive
44
Adolescence Establish boundaries Find disciplinary methods
Interdependent
45
Child leaves home | Evaluate parenting
Departure
46
Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete operational Formal operational
Piaget's stages
47
Birth to 2 years | Understands 5 senses
Sensorimotor
48
2-7 years | Understands through language
Preoperational
49
7-11 years | Understands other view points
Concrete operational
50
11- adult | Understands abstract thinking
Formal operational
51
``` Trust vs mistrust Autonomy vs doubt Initiative vs guilt Industry vs inferiority Identity vs role confusion ```
Erik erikson's stages
52
Birth to 18 months | Learns to trust parents
Trust vs mistrust
53
18 months- 3 years | Learns to be independent
Autonomy vs doubt
54
4-6 years | Learns to think independently
Intiative vs guilt
55
7-12 years | Learns to think about others
Industry vs inferiority
56
12-18 years | Combines previous learning into identity
Identity vs role confusion
57
``` Physiological Safety and security Love and belonging Esteem Self actualization ```
Maslow hierarchy of needs
58
``` Emotional maturity Health considerations Financial considerations Resource management skills Parenting skills ```
Parenthood readiness
59
89% of teens
Are unmarried
60
50% of teen parents get a high school diploma by age
22
61
1.5 graduate from colleges by
30
62
80% of teen parents end up on
Welfare
63
1 in 5 people
Have stis

Child Development (3 decks)

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