Unit 1 Flashcards
What is the Lalonde Report?
- Heralded a change in the definition of health from having a focus on the absence of disease to emphasising wellbeing in a larger context.
- Argues that health is not achievable through health care service alone, but also from the interaction of health services with biology, lifestyle, and environment.
What was the Declaration of Alma-Ata?
- Brought forward action on the Lalonde way of thinking
- Focused on social justice, equity, public participation, appropriate technology, and intersectoral collaboration
- Moved traditional health thinking to a health promotion framework that called for health providers to work with people to assist them with their health and health decisions.
What are the 12 Social Determinants of Health?
The social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age. They are mostly responsible for health inequities.
Income and Social Status, Social Support Networks, education and literacy, Employment and working conditions, social environment, healthy child development, culture, gender, biological and genetic endowment, health services
What is Income and social status?
: health status improves at each step up the income and social hierarchy. Higher income levels affect living conditions such as safe housing and the ability to buy sufficient and health food.
What is Social support networks?
support from families, friends, and communities is associated with better health.
What is Education and literacy?
Health status improves with level of education. Education gives people a sense of control over their lives and increases job opportunities and security.
What is employment and working conditions?
Unemployment, underemployment, and stressful work are associated with poorer health. Those with more control over their work and fewer stress-related demands on the job are healthier.
What is social environment?
The values and norms of a society affect the health and well-being of individuals and populations. Social stability, recognition of diversity, safety, good relationships, and cohesive communities provide a supportive society.
What is physical environment?
physical factors in the natural environment (e.g., air and water quality) are key influences on health.
What is personal health practices and coping skills?
people’s knowledge behaviours, and coping skills for dealing with life in healthy ways are key influences on health.
What is Healthy child development?
prenatal and early childhood experiences effect subsequent health, well-being, coping skills, and competence.
What is culture?
multicultural health issues demonstrate how necessary it is to consider holistic health (physical, mental, spiritual, social, and economic well-being).
What is gender?
each sex has specific health issues or may be affected in different ways by the same issues.
What is biological and genetic endowment?
physical characteristics we inherit play a part in deciding how long we live, how healthy we will be, and how likely we are to get certain illnesses.
What is health services?
it benefits people’s health when they have access to services that prevent disease as well as maintain and promote health.
