Unit 1

Question 1

Conditional Probability

Answer 1

P(B|A) = “the probability of B, given A”

Question 2

Expected Value

Answer 2

(amount 1)(prob 1)+(amount 2)(prob 2)+etc..

Question 3

Multiplication Rule

Answer 3

The probability that 2 events will occur in sequence is
- P(A)•P(B|A)

For independent events it is
- P(A)•P(B)

Question 4

Observational Study

Answer 4

Gather data by watching or looking at records of what’s already happened. No influence or manipulation.

Question 5

Sample Survey

Answer 5

Used to take information from a small group and meant to represent the entire population. Can bias easily.

Question 6

Finding Probability

Answer 6

P(E)=

 number of outcomes in event E \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

number of outcomes in sample space

Question 7

Complementary Events

Answer 7

Outcomes that are not included in Event E

E’

Question 8

Range of Probabilities Rule

Answer 8

0

Question 9

Experiment

Answer 9

To change a variable within a controlled environment and measure the changes.

Question 10

Permutations

Answer 10

nPr

Question 11

Census

Answer 11

Measurements are taken from the entire population. Least popular. Key words: whole, everyone, entire.

Question 12

Mutually Exclusive

Answer 12

P(A or B)= P(A)+P(B)

Question 13

Outcome

Answer 13

The result of a single trial in a probability experiment.

Question 14

Event

Answer 14

Consists of one or more outcomes and is a subset of the sample space.

Question 15

Sample Space

Answer 15

The set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment.

Question 16

Non-Mutually Exclusive

Answer 16

P(A or B)= P(A)+P(B)–P(A and B)

Question 17

Combinations

Answer 17

nCr

Question 18

Randomization

Answer 18

Something is random if there is a equal chance of being chosen, and people are chosen without regard to characteristics. If not, results are biased.

Question 19

Data Collection

Answer 19

To make general conclusions about a populations based on a sample.

Question 20

Probability Distributions

Answer 20

0

Question 21

Probability Experiment

Answer 21

An action, or trial, through which specific results are obtained.