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AP HG Vocabulary > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

A

Agricultural density

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2
Q

The total number of people divided by the total land area.

A

Arithmetic density

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3
Q

An east-west line designed under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States.

A

Base line

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4
Q

The science of making maps.

A

Cartography

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5
Q

The spread of something over a given area.

A

Concentration

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6
Q

Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space.

A

Connections

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7
Q

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a natural resource, through consuming it at a less rapid rate than it can be replaced.

A

Contagious diffusion

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8
Q

Geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships.

A

Cultural ecology

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9
Q

The fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group.

A

Cultural landscape

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10
Q

The body of customary beliefs, social farms, and material traits that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people.

A

Culture

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11
Q

The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area.

A

Density

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12
Q

The spreading of a feature or trend from one place to another over time.

A

Diffusion

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13
Q

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin.

A

Distance decay

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14
Q

The arrangement of something across Earth’s surface.

A

Distribution

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15
Q

A 19th and early 20th century approach to the study of Geography that argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how physical environment caused human activities.

A

Environmental determinism

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16
Q

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process.

A

Expansion diffusion

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17
Q

An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics.

A

Formal region (uniform or homogeneous region)

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18
Q

An area organized around a node or focal point.

A

Functional region (nodal region)

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19
Q

A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displace geographic data.

A

GIS (Geographic informational system)

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20
Q

A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers.

A

GPS (Global Positioning System)

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21
Q

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.

A

Globalization

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22
Q

The time in that time zone encompassing the prime meridian of 0 degrees longitude.

A

GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)

23
Q

The region from which innovative ideas originate.

A

Hearth

24
Q

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places.

A

Hierarchical diffusion

25
Q

An arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avid dividing land areas. When you cross the “it” heading east (to ward America), the clock moves back 24 hours, or one day. When you go west (towards Asia), the calendar moves ahead one day.

A

International Date Line

26
Q

A law that divided much of the United States into townships to facilitate the sale of the land to settlers.

A

Land Ordinance of 1785

27
Q

The number of people per unit of area of land, which is suitable for agriculture.

A

Physiological density

28
Q

A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character.

A

Place

29
Q

A piece of low-lying land reclaimed from the sea or a river and protected by dikes.

A

Polder

30
Q

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but that people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives.

A

Possibilism

31
Q

A north-south line designated in the land of Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States.

A

Prime meridian

32
Q

The system used to transfer locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map.

A

Projection

33
Q

An area of Earths distinguished by a distinctive combination of cultural and physical features.

A

Region

34
Q

The spread of a feature of trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another.

A

Relocation diffusion

35
Q

The acquisition of data about Earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.

A

Remote Sensing

36
Q

A substance in environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access and is socially acceptable to use.

A

Resource

37
Q

Generally the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole; specifically, the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface.

A

Scale

38
Q

The physical character of a place.

A

Site

39
Q

The location of a place relative to other places.

A

Situation

40
Q

The reduction in the rime it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems.

A

Space-time Compression

41
Q

The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.

A

Stimulus diffusion

42
Q

The name given to a portion of Earth’s surface.

A

Toponym

43
Q

The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy.

A

Uneven development

44
Q

An area that people believe exist as part of their cultural identity.

A

Vernacular region (perceptual region)

45
Q

An economic model wherein people, corporations and states produce goods and exchange them on the world market, with the goal of achieving profit.

A

Capitalism

46
Q

The period of time following WWII is where the United States and Soviet Union emerged as superpowers and faced off in an arms race that lasted nearly 50 years.

A

Cold War

47
Q

A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common actual ownership being a scribed to the community as a whole or to the state.

A

Communism

48
Q

A measure of how much absolute distance affects the interaction between two places.

A

Friction of distance

49
Q

The underlying framework of services and amenities needed to facilitate productive activity.

A

Infrastructure

50
Q

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprint on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

A

Sequent Occupance

51
Q

A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates the the means of production and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.

A

Socialism

52
Q

of or relating to space.

A

Spatial

53
Q

The arrangement of a phenomenon across the Earth’s surface and a graphical display of such an arrangement is an important tool in geographical and environmental statistics.

A

Spatial distribution

54
Q

The flow of goods, people, or information among places, in response to localized supply and demand.

A

Spatial Interaction

AP HG Vocabulary (8 decks)

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