Unit 1-4 MCQ Flashcards
The disintegration of the Abbasid Caliphate most directly led to which of the following political developments in the Islamic world in the thirteenth century?
The Russian conquest of Central Asia
The rise of Turkic states
The conversion of most of the Islamic world to Shi‘a Islam
The collapse of trade along the Silk Road networks
The rise of Turkic states
The combination between religious and political aspects in the Abbasid state’s concept of governance is best reflected in which of the following?
The Abbasid state had an influential Sunni religious class that often came into conflict with the state.
The Abbasid state often allowed local rulers considerable autonomy.
The Abbasid state patronized the construction of religious buildings such as mosques.
The Abbasid state was headed by a caliph who was both the state’s supreme religious and political leader.
The Abbasid state was headed by a caliph who was both the state’s supreme religious and political leader.
Which of the following best describes a claim made in the first paragraph of the inscription?
King Adityawarman was a bodhisattva.
King Adityawarman was a Buddhist teacher.
Statues of Buddhist divine figures could spiritually benefit everyone.
Statues of Buddhist teachers were revered by rulers and common people.
Statues of Buddhist divine figures could spiritually benefit everyone.
The claim in the second paragraph that the king has become “free from all physical desire” can best be understood to mean that
Southeast Asian states’ ruling elites were very wealthy.
in Vedic religions, rejecting worldly concerns in order to attain spiritual perfection was considered a virtue.
Buddhist monks and nuns in Southeast Asian societies were required to maintain an ascetic lifestyle.
Hindus believed that members of each caste had different rights and responsibilities.
in Vedic religions, rejecting worldly concerns in order to attain spiritual perfection was considered a virtue.
Which of the following is an argument in the second paragraph of the inscription regarding King Adityawarman?
His spiritual attributes and worldly achievements made him a powerful and legitimate ruler.
His attention to the welfare of all of his subjects made him a caring and legitimate ruler.
His conquest of all of the surrounding kingdoms in Indonesia made him a legitimate ruler.
His knowledge of science and ships in an island kingdom made him an effective and legitimate ruler.
His spiritual attributes and worldly achievements made him a powerful and legitimate ruler.
Which of the following pieces of evidence most strongly supports the author’s conclusion about the importance of exotic goods to the Maya region’s economy?
Exotic goods were exchanged over long distances within the Maya lowlands.
Exotic goods were traded between the Maya city-states and neighboring states.
The exchange of exotic goods went hand in hand with the exchange of information.
The Maya region depended on the trade in exotic goods because of relatively low levels of agricultural production.
Exotic goods were exchanged over long distances within the Maya lowlands.
The author directly uses all of the following pieces of evidence to support his argument about the relationship between exotic goods and the power of Maya rulers EXCEPT that Maya rulers
used exotic goods to carry out rituals that their subjects expected them to perform
prohibited nobles and priests from wearing certain types of exotic goods reserved for rulers
used exotic goods in royal coronations
received exotic goods as tribute payments from vassals
prohibited nobles and priests from wearing certain types of exotic goods reserved for rulers
Which of the following does the author cite most directly to support his argument in the third paragraph about the importance of exotic goods in the Maya region?
The existence of sophisticated astronomical tables
The emergence of a unified Maya kingdom based on new political models
The emergence of new systems of writing based on earlier Mesoamerican systems
The existence of unified patterns of behavior in warfare, science, and religion
The existence of unified patterns of behavior in warfare, science, and religion
Which of the following was a continuity in the development of African states in the period circa 1200–1450 ?
African states such as Ethiopia maintained close contacts with South and East Asian states across the Indian Ocean but rarely had contacts with Europe.
Despite geographical barriers, some African states were able to maintain diplomatic and cultural contacts with the broader Afro-Eurasian world.
Most African states rejected traditional forms of international diplomacy, such as dynastic marriages and tribute payments.
African states needed to maintain friendly diplomatic relations with Europe in order to expand their empires.
Despite geographical barriers, some African states were able to maintain diplomatic and cultural contacts with the broader Afro-Eurasian world.
Which of the following continuities in the development of African states in the period circa 1200–1450 most likely explains the prevalence of Christianity in Ethiopia?
Some African states’ religious traditions continued to be influenced by cultural transfers dating back to earlier centuries.
Some African states were famous for their religious toleration and for allowing multiple religious traditions to coexist in their territories.
African states’ official religions were typically syncretic mixtures of several different religious traditions.
While African populations mostly continued to adhere to indigenous polytheistic religions, African political elites often adopted monotheistic religions such as Christianity and Islam.
Some African states’ religious traditions continued to be influenced by cultural transfers dating back to earlier centuries.
Which of the following was a key similarity in the policies of the rulers of African states such as Ethiopia in the period circa 1200–1450 ?
They granted their subjects unrestricted freedom of speech.
They used religion and laws to bolster their legitimacy.
They faced challenges to their power from powerful merchant elites.
They sought to achieve economic self-sufficiency by restricting trade contacts with other societies.
They used religion and laws to bolster their legitimacy.
The terminology used in the opening sentence of the decree was most directly influenced by which of the following?
The notion that the Pope is the supreme leader of the Church
The medieval rules of chivalry and courtly etiquette
The deep influence of Christianity on medieval society and culture
The slow and uncertain nature of communications in medieval Europe
The deep influence of Christianity on medieval society and culture
The process of “consultations with the nobles and clergy of the realm” in the making of Edward III’s decree best reflects which of the following?
The emergence of the concept that parliaments, rather than kings, had ultimate political authority in European states
The fragmented, decentralized nature of European feudal monarchies
The legacy of Roman imperial political traditions on medieval European states
European rulers’ practice of making harsh legislation more palatable by claiming it was part of God’s
The fragmented, decentralized nature of European feudal monarchies
The need for legal action to address the “grave inconveniences” that might result from the labor shortages described in the passage most likely resulted from
the agrarian nature of medieval European economies and their reliance on coerced labor
the inability of members of the nobility and other feudal lords to take direct legal action against their workers and serfs
the high social rank and economic standing of plowmen in medieval English society
the presence of guild regulations prohibiting agricultural laborers from working more than a certain number of hours each week
the agrarian nature of medieval European economies and their reliance on coerced labor
Which of the following demonstrates the assimilation of nomadic conquerors into conquered societies during the period circa 1250–1450 ?
The rulers of the Mali Empire converting to Islam through the influence of North African merchants and missionaries
The rulers of the Yuan dynasty adopting Chinese court culture and methods of rule
Trading states in Southeast Asia such as the Khmer and Srivijaya empires adopting syncretic Hindu-Buddhist practices
Chinese, Persian, and Indian artisans expanding their output because of a rising demand for luxury goods in Afro-Eurasia
The rulers of the Yuan dynasty adopting Chinese court culture and methods of rule
Which of the following developments in the period circa 1250–1450 represents a situation that did not lead to conquerors assimilating into the cultures of the conquered societies?
Invading armies establishing and maintaining a separate community, as illustrated by the European crusader kingdoms in the Middle East
Merchants establishing diasporic communities and introducing their own traditions into the indigenous cultures, as illustrated by South Asian Muslim merchants spreading Islam to the islands of Southeast Asia
Settled societies successfully resisting nomadic encroachments, as illustrated by the Mamluks of Egypt defeating the Mongols or Muscovy expelling the Golden Horde from Russia
Conquering states fragmenting into several units because of political and social friction, as illustrated by the breakup of the Mongol Empire into individual khanates
Invading armies establishing and maintaining a separate community, as illustrated by the European crusader kingdoms in the Middle East
The Mongol conquests resulted in all of the following developments EXCEPT
a revival of trade on the overland Silk Roads
transfers of scientific and technological knowledge
the initial diffusion of Buddhism and Christianity to East Asia
the spread of pathogens across Eurasia, including the bubonic plague
the initial diffusion of Buddhism and Christianity to East Asia
The “long stays in harbors” mentioned in the description of the sea journeys in the first paragraph were most likely necessary because Indian Ocean maritime trade in the period circa 1200–1450
increased significantly in volume, creating bottlenecks in key ports
required the approval of Muslim religious authorities to make sure it was carried out in accordance with Islamic principles
had to take into account environmental factors such as the timing and direction of the monsoons
could only be carried out if ships stayed close to shore through the entire journey from Egypt to India
had to take into account environmental factors such as the timing and direction of the monsoons
Based on the pattern of trade described in the third paragraph, the Egyptian karim merchants were most likely directly involved in which of the following broader developments in the Indian Ocean in the period circa 1200–1450 ?
The establishment of diasporic merchant communities
The transfer of European scientific knowledge to South Asia
The creation of new monotheistic religions
The introduction of new financial innovations such as paper money
The establishment of diasporic merchant communities
The pattern of trade described in the passage was most characteristic of which of the following types of goods in the period 1200–1450 ?
Daily food staples such as bread or milk
Bulk commodities such as grain or coal
Luxury goods such as spices or porcelain
Livestock such as pigs or cattle
Luxury goods such as spices or porcelain
