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Ict Btec > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Name four types of online services.

A

Communication,
Real time information
Commerce
Government

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1
Q

What are online services?

A

Facilities that users can access over the internet and which allow data exchange and interaction.

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2
Q

What is online advertising?

A

A advertising method that is designed to capture and hold the attention of a user to promote a product or service.

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3
Q

How does pay -per -click advertising work?

A

A web page will host an advert for another organisation. If a user clicks on the advert, they are directed to the advertiser’s website. The host will receive payment for each user who clicks on the advert. This is known as an affiliate model.

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4
Q

Why might a website owner and an advertiser want to be involved with an affiliate model of advertising? Give one reason for each.

A

A website owner can host an advert and earn money every time a user clicks on it. An advertiser can put their advert on popular websites and potentially get more custom as more users will see their advert.

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5
Q

What does file compression do?

A

File compression makes files smaller so that they take up less space in computer memory.

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6
Q

Give two advantages of file compression.

A

It saves memory space on computers eg. Web server

Files will upload and download more quickly

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7
Q

Describe how an algorithm and index are used in file compression.

A

An algorithm is used in compression to make the file smaller. An index file is included when the algorithm is used and is part of the compressed file. When the file is expanded, the index holds the information to recreate the original file.

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8
Q

What is the last item in the compressed file?

A

An index

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9
Q

What does an index contain?

A

It contains the information needed to expand the files to their original size.

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10
Q

What is the difference between traditional and online software?

A

Traditional software is software installed onto a computer whereas online software is accessed over the internet through a web browser.

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11
Q

What are the advantages of a standalone software?

A

As it is installed onto the hard drive, it can be used when there is no internet access.
Another advantages is that it runs faster than online software with a poor internet connection.

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12
Q

Why is backing up files important?

A

If files become corrupt, we can restore them.

If files are accidentally deleted, they can be restored.

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13
Q

How is online software accessed?

A

Online software is accessed through a web browser and is available anywhere that has an internet connection

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14
Q

Give 4 advantages of online software?

A

It’s is updated automatically (on the server, rather than the client)
It can be backed up automatically
It can be used on different devices e.g. Computer, tablet, smartphone
It can be used on different operating systems

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15
Q

What does ‘backing up files’ mean?

A

It means saving files to extenal servers

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16
Q

Why is cloud storage also backed up?

A

So that there is double security.

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17
Q

What must you do when backing up files

A

Make a second copy and restore it

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18
Q

What is an advantage of online back ups?

A

If a users computer fails, the files are saved on servers elsewhere and would still be safe

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19
Q

What is collaborative working?

A

Collaborative working means people working together. Technology allows collaborative working to happen over the internet.

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20
Q

Give 2 advantages of collaborative working.

A

Users do not need to travel to work together, saving money, time and the environment.
Users can work on the same document instead of having different versions of the same file.

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21
Q

How can version control be managed?

A

By locking the file and making it ‘read only’ while one user is viewing or editing it.
The software allocating version numbers and dates of editing.

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22
Q

What does communicating online mean?

A

Communicating online means transferring data from one user to another user to another or many.

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23
Q

What is a blog?

A

A blog is short for web blog. This is an online journal or diary.

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24
Q

What is microblogging?

A

Microblogging is a website or app where short messages are exchanged -e.g twitter.

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25
Q

What is a wiki?

A

A wiki is a website where anyone can add and edit information.

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26
Q

What is a podcast?

A

Audio or video files which are usually published in episodes.

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27
Q

Give the definition of a wireless method of connection

A

A wireless connection is a connection which connects without wires.

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28
Q

Give two advantages and two disadvantages of wireless connection.

A

Advantage- not fixed to a stationary computer
- can be used wherever wireless internet available.
Disadvantages - needs to have wireless internet available.
- tends to be slower than wired

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29
Q

What is a broadband connection?

A

A wired connection through a broadband supplier

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30
Q

What is a dial up connection?

A

A wired connection using a modem and telephone lines.

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31
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

Bandwidth is how the speed of sections on the internet is measured. It describes how much capacity (space) there is to carry data.

32
Q

What is bandwidth measured in?

A

Bits per second

33
Q

What happens if there is a higher bandwidth?

A

More information can be moved during that time, therefore giving a faster internet connection and a higher transmission rate.

34
Q

What is a protocol?

A

A protocol is a set of rules that allow computer systems to connect with different systems to transfer data.

35
Q

What is email?

A

Email is a method of communicating by sending messages through and mail server.

36
Q

Give 3 benefits of email.

A

You can send files as attachments.
You can send messages to multiple people at the same time.
It is faster than post

37
Q

Give 3 limitations of email.

A

Viruses could be spread through emails
Phishing emails may be received( asking for private information)
Emails may be intercepted and read be hackers.

38
Q

Identify 3 parts of a email which may indicate it is a phishing email.

A

Strange email address
Misspelt words
Request for PIN number.

39
Q

What is Client side processing?

A

It is where the interactivity on a web page is downloaded and processed using the clients processor.

40
Q

Where does client side processing take place?

A

It takes place on the clients computer in order to process web page data in data exchange.

41
Q

What is the code that makes client side processing possible?

A

Scripting language (Web scripts)

42
Q

What are 2 benefits of client side processing?

A

Speed- it is faster because the Data is on the client and does not need to move across the internet.
Security- data cannot be intercepted on the client in the way it can when it moves across the internet.

43
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of the client -side processing.

A

It is browser specific meaning different browsers process scripts in different ways, therefore the web page owner can not be sure how their page will appear on the screen
The web page is reliant on the processor speed of the client’s computer so if that is slow then the processing will be slow.

44
Q

What is a database?

A

A collection of data

45
Q

What is a record in a table?

A

A row in a table that stores data about a single item eg info about one learner

46
Q

What is a field?

A

A field is a column in a table. Eg. Name, address, gender, DOB

47
Q

What must each table in a database have?

A

A Primary key

48
Q

What is a primary key?

A

A primary key is a unique piece of data which identifies one record for example: a student ID number

49
Q

What is needed to connect tables together?

A

A foreign key

50
Q

What is a foreign key?

A

A primary key in a different table which creates a relationship

51
Q

Give 4 data types used in databases.

A

Text
Number
Date/time
Boolean

52
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

Cloud computing is where data is saved on external servers instead of the user’ hard drive

53
Q

What is server side processing?

A

Server- side processing uses the web server to process web page data. It is where the interactivity on a web page is processed on the web server.

54
Q

What do devices need if they are using wireless networking?

A

A wireless Network Interface Card (NIC)

55
Q

What is NIC?

A

A Network interface card which is the hardware in a device which allows it to receive wireless signals.

56
Q

What does the NIC do?

A

A NIC will connect to Network Access points. NAPs are points where wireless is distributed, which means a mobile device can pick up the internet.

57
Q

Give one advantage of connecting to the internet wirelessly.

A

Wireless networking means that a user can connect a device to the internet anywhere where there is an internet connection.

58
Q

How do web scripts work in server side processing?

A

Web scripts are included in the code of the web page and run when the web page is loaded into the user’s browser. It does not matter which browser the user is using because the processing happens on the web server. It is the opposite for client side processing.

59
Q

Define the term ‘browser - specific’ with relation to web scripts’

A

browser specific means that the way the data is processed depends on the browser being used. Each browser interprets scripts differently.

60
Q

What is HTML?

A

HTML is the language used to create web pages.

It’s stands for HyperText Markup Language.

61
Q

What is HTML made up of?

A

Tags

62
Q

What are HTML elements?

A

Pairs of tags

63
Q

What is packet switching?

A

packet switching is the process of data being broken into ‘packets’ before being sent through a network and then reassembled at the other end. This method is used on ten internet

64
Q

Give 4 advantages of packet switching

A

Sends data across a network efficiently
Big files which would otherwise clog up the network can be sent as a whole
Allows efficient movement of data through a network- small packets can choose different routes through a network.
Security- if intercepted by a hacker- they will only get one part of the whole file

65
Q

Give one disadvantage of packet switching

A

If one or more packets are lost or corrupted during the transmission-the whole file will not be received correctly.

66
Q

Give two benefits of cloud computing

A

The cost- you only have to pay for the storage that you use. You don’t have to provide and maintain the hardware
Availability- data can be available anywhere in the world where there is an internet connection.

67
Q

Give 4 drawbacks of cloud computing

A

Reliability- it depends on how reliable the host is to access your data
Software- the company may not be using the latest, fastest software.
Security- you have no control over the files stored so you have to trust the company to keep them safe.
Potential low performance- the speed of accessing data might be slower than using installed software.

68
Q

What are transmission modes?

A

Transmission modes are ways in which devices on a network communicate with each other and transmit data.

69
Q

Name the 3 types of transmission modes.

A

Simplex
Half-duplex
Full- duplex

70
Q

What is serial transmission?

A

It is when bits of data are transferred one at a time over a wire.

71
Q

Give one benefit of serial transmission.

A

Serial transmission is good over large distances

72
Q

Give one benefit of drawback of serial transmission

A

It is complex because data has to be broken into individual bits

73
Q

What is parallel transmission?

A

It is when bits of data are transferred simultaneously over a wire- a whole byte can be transferred at the same time.

74
Q

Give one benefit of parallel transmission.

A

It is faster because more bits are transferred per second

75
Q

Give one limitation of parallel transmission.

A

It can only travel over short distances. The maximum Is about 5 meters

76
Q

What is the definition of simplex?

A

It is when signals go in one direction at a time

77
Q

What is full duplex?

A

The signals go in both directions at the same time

78
Q

What is half duplex

A

A transmission mode where signals go in both directions but the devices don’t transmit at the same time

Ict Btec (1 decks)

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