Unit 1-3 Vocab Check 2 Words 20-38 Flashcards
20) Federalist 10
Federalist No. 10, written by Madison, is the most famous of the essays. It** deals with the danger of “faction”** in a democratic government and argues that the federal system that the Constitution created was the best solution to this problem.
The essay’s main argument was that a strong, united republic would be more effective than the individual states at controlling “factions” – groups of citizens united by some cause “adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the… interests of the community.” In other words, they were groups of people with radical ideas that weren’t good for everyone as a whole.
The Constitution called for a republic, which elects representatives for the people. This is in contrast to a “pure democracy,” which would use the popular vote. Madison believed a republic would be able to extend the government to more free citizens of greater parts of the country, who wouldn’t necessarily be able to assemble, which would be required under a pure democracy.
21) Brutus 1
Brutus argues that a free republic cannot exist in such a large territory as the United States. He uses the examples of the Greek and Roman republics that became tyrannical as their territory grew. He states that a true free republic comes from the people, not representatives of the people.
After examining various clauses in the Constitution, he determined that this would essentially create a federal government that will **“possess absolute and uncontrollable power…” **Brutus pointed to the Necessary and Proper Clause (1.8.18) and the Supremacy Clause (6.2.0) as sources of immense power conferred upon the federal government by the Constitution. .
22) Federalist 51
Federalist No. 51 addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government
23) Federalist 70
argues in favor of the unitary executive created by Article II of the United States Constitution. According to Hamilton, a unitary executive is necessary to: ensure accountability in government. enable the president to defend against legislative encroachments on his power.
24) Federalist 78
discusses the power of judicial review. It argues that the federal courts have the job of determining whether acts of Congress are constitutional and what must be done if the government is faced with the things that are done on the contrary of the Constitution.
25) Enumerated Powers
The framers identified a limited list
of enumerated powers, Section 8, which include the powers to tax, borrow money, raise an army, create a postal system, address piracy on the seas, define the immigration and naturalization process, and a few others.
26) Commerce Clause
empowers the congress to “regulate commerce with other nations, and among the several states”
27) Necessary and Proper Clause (aka elastic clause ake implied powers)
allows congress the ability to make laws or to act where the constitution doesn’t give it authority to act
have the power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers
28) Full faith and credit
the requirement, derived from Article IV, Section I of the Constitution, that state courts **respect the laws and judgments of courts from other states
**
29) Privileges and Immunities
The privileges and immunities clause declares
“citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of
citizens in the several states.”
30) Supremacy Clause
the Constitution and federal laws (of the types listed in the first part of the Clause) take priority over any conflicting rules of state law.
31) Fiscal Federalism
how federal, state, and local governments share funding and administrative responsibilities within our federal system.
Fiscal federalism refers to the distribution of taxation and spending powers across levels of governmen
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32) Block Grants
62- a grant from the federal government that a local/state government can allocate to a wide range of services.
Block grants are fixed sums of money given to state or local governments to support program activities and administration.
33) Categorical Grants
61- federal grants given to state and local governments to encourage their cooperation in implementing specific purposes and programs
34) Dual Federalism
70
