Unit 1 Flashcards
William James
Wrote “Principles of Psychology” (1890), concluded that there is no such thing as science of psychology and that William James is an incapable. Responsible for James-Lange Theory of Emotion
James-Lange Theory of Emotion
Appraisal of Stimulus -> Physiological Change + Behavior -> Feeling (James and Lange concluded this separately around same time)
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
Each component of emotion (physiological response, feeling, appraisal) arises independently from common stimulus. The physiological changes are too slow to cause emotions.
Shachter-Singer Theory of Emotion
Phys Response -> Appraisal -> Feeling. Not enough variance between emotional characteristics requires cog. interaction to interpret and find the most logical explanation. Physiogical changes only determine intensity of emotion.
Gray Matter
Unmyelinated cell bodies which lie in the brain’s cortex/ outside the brain
White matter
Myelinated fiber tracts inside the brain that help transmit data across the CNS.
Gyrus
Bump in cortex
Sulcus
Valley in cortex
Gyri/Sulci in humans vs rats
Rat brain is smooth without any folding, unlike human brains.
Frontal Lobe
Motor control, decision-making, mood control. Located at front of brain (rostral)
Parietal Lobe
Sensory Perception, attention, and language processing. Dorsal side of brain behind frontal lobe
Temporal Lobe
Long Term declarative and spatial memory. Located ventral to parietal lobe.
Occipital Lobe
Sight. Most caudal brain region
Anterior/Posterior
Anterior: Front. Posterior: Back (With regard to environment)
Superior/Inferior
Superior: Above. Inferior: Below (With regard to environment)
Rostral/Caudal
Rostral: “Towards beak”, tip of organism. Caudal: “Towards tail”
Dorsal/Ventral
Dorsal: Along back/upwards w/ respect to brain. Ventral: Along belly
Medial/Lateral
Medial: Towards midline. Lateral: Towards outside
Sagittal Plane
A vertical slice of the brain from front to back.
Coronal Plane
A vertical slice of the brain from side to side. Recognizable by insular cortex, hemispheres, cerebellum, hippocampus
Insular Cortex
Deep fissure into brain.
Horizontal Plane
Horizontal slice of the brain. Rare in rats but common in humans for a top-down view
Nissl Staining
Stain cell bodies (grey matter)
Myelin Staining
Stain myelin on axons (white matter)
