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Dental Anatomy and Occlusion > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Maxillary

A

Teeth in the upper arch (maxilla)

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2
Q

Mandibular

A

Teeth in the lower arch (mandible)

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3
Q

Midline

A

Divides each arch into equal halves

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4
Q

Mid-sagittal plane

A

2 dimensional plane (aka, midline)

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5
Q

Quadrants

A
  1. Maxillary Right 2. Maxillary Left 3. Mandibular Right 4. Mandibular Left
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6
Q

Anatomical Directions

A

Reversed when looking straight on

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7
Q

Occlusion

A

Manner in which the mandibular teeth contact the maxillary teeth

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8
Q

Mastication

A

Biting or chewing food

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9
Q

Heterodont

A

Comprised of different types of teeth that perform different functions in mastication (ie: human teeth)

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10
Q

Homodont

A

All teeth are the same type (ie: lower vertebrates)

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11
Q

Diphyodont

A

2 separate sets of teeth (ie: humans)

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12
Q

Monophyodont

A

Only one set of teeth

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13
Q

Polyphyodont

A

More than 2, or continuos, sets of teeth developed throughout life

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14
Q

Deciduous Dentition

A

AKA Primary Dentition; The first set of 20 teeth (baby teeth) in humans tha come in about 6-20yrs; 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 molars per quad

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15
Q

Permanent Dentition

A

2nd set of 32 teeth (adult teeth) in humans that come in from 6-21yrs

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16
Q

Incisors

A

2 teeth in each quadrant closest to the midline (central & lateral) 8 total, Biting, cutting, incising & shearing functions

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17
Q

Canine/Cuspid

A

1 tooth in each quadrant. 4 total. Cutting, tearing, piercing, and holding functions

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18
Q

Premolars/Bicuspids

A

The 4th and 5th teeth from the midline (1st & 2nd premolars). 8 total. Tearing, holding, and grinding functions.

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19
Q

Molars

A

The last 3 teeth in each quadrant (1st, 2nd & 3rd; AKA 6-yr, 12-yr & Wisdom tooth). 12 total. Grinding Function.

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20
Q

Primary dentition period

A

Period when only deciduous teeth are present (6 mo ? ~6 yrs when first permanent tooth erupts)

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21
Q

Mixed dentition period

A

Period when both deciduous and permanent teeth are present (~6 yrs ? 12 yrs) until the last deciduous tooth falls out

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22
Q

Permanent Dentition period

A

Period when only permanent teeth are present (~12 yrs ? rest of life)

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23
Q

Exfoliated

A

When a baby tooth falls out

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24
Q

Resorption

A

Natural process by which deciduous roots are ?melted away? to allow for exfoliation

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25
Q

Succedaneous

A

?succeeding? deciduous teeth; AKA, the permanent teeth that replace the exfoliated deciduous teeth. Only permanent teeth that aren’t succedaneous are the molars.

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26
Q

Dental Formula

A

A number and letter designation of the various types of teeth found in a dentition

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27
Q

Human Permanent Dentition (formula)

A

I ? 2/2: C -1/1: P -2/2: M ? 3/3

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28
Q

Human Deciduous Dentition (formula)

A

I ? 2/2: C ? 1/1: M ? 2/2

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29
Q

Anatomical Crown

A

Portion of the tooth covered by enamel; divided vertically into labial, middle & lingual; divided horizontally in incisal, middle & cervical thirds

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30
Q

Clinical Crown

A

Portion of the tooth visible in the mouth (may or may not be the same as the anatomical crown)

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31
Q

Anatomical Root

A

Portion of the tooth covered with cementum; divided in horizontal thirds (cervical, middle & apical)

32
Q

Clinical Root

A

Portion of the tooth not visible in the mouth

33
Q

Enamel

A

Hard, mineralized tissue that covers the dentin of the anatomical crown (hardest living body tissue)

34
Q

Dentin

A

Hard tissue which forms the main body of the tooth & surrounds the pulp cavity; not directly visible in a normal tooth

35
Q

Cementum

A

The layer of hard, bonelike tissue that covers the dentin of the anatomical root

36
Q

Cervical Line, Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ)

A

Line around the external surface of the tooth where the enamel & cementum meet

37
Q

Dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)

A

Internal line of meeting of the dentin & enamel in the anatomical crown

38
Q

Pulp

A

Living soft tissue which occupies the pulp cavity of a vital tooth; contains nutrient supply (blood vessels) & nerves

39
Q

Pulp Cavity

A

Internal cavity that contains the pulp

40
Q

Pulp canals, Root Canals

A

Portion of the pulp cavity located in the root(s) of the tooth

41
Q

Pulp Chamber

A

Enlarged portion of pulp cavity in the anatomical crown

42
Q

Pulp horns

A

Pointed incisal or occlusal elongations of the pulp chamber that correspond to cusps or lobes in the tooth

43
Q

Alveolar process

A

Entire bony part around the tooth that supports the teeth in the jaw

44
Q

Alveolus (Alveoli)

A

Bony socket of the alveolar process in which an individual tooth is set

45
Q

Periodontal Ligament (membrane)

A

Fibrous attachment of the tooth cementum to the alveolar bone

46
Q

Gingiva (Gingivae)

A

The gums (fibrous tissue enclosed by mucous membrane) that covers the alveolar processes & surrounds the necks of the teeth

47
Q

Anterior Teeth

A

Teeth towards the front of the mouth (12 incisors & canines)

48
Q

Posterior Teeth

A

Teeth towards the back of the mouth (Decicious = 8 molars; Permanent = 20 premolars & molars)

49
Q

Mesial

A

Towards the midline

50
Q

Distal

A

Away from the midline

51
Q

Labial/Facial

A

Outside surface towards the lips of anterior teeth

52
Q

Lingual/Palatal

A

Inside surface towards the tongue

53
Q

Incisal edge/ridge

A

Biting edge of anterior teeth

54
Q

Buccal

A

Outside surface towards the cheeks of posterior teeth

55
Q

Occlusal

A

Chewing surface of posterior teeth

56
Q

Apex

A

Tip of the root

57
Q

Proximal

A

Any surface between 2 teeth (only mesial & distal surfaces)

58
Q

Line Angle

A

Line/angle formed by the junction of 2 crown surfaces; name derived by combining the names of those 2 surfaces

59
Q

Point Angle

A

Point of junction of 3 crown surfaces (named after the 3 surfaces)

60
Q

Tubercles

A

Rounded or pointed projections found on the crowns of teeth (Mini-cusps)

61
Q

Cusp of Carabelli

A

Tubercle on the mesial part of the lingual surface of permanent maxillary 1st molars

62
Q

Cingulum (Cingula)

A

Large, rounded eminence on the lingual surface of all anterior teeth encompassing entire cervical third of the lingual surface

63
Q

Ridges

A

Linear, convex elevations on the surfaces of crowns

64
Q

Marginal ridegs

A

Ridges at the mesial and distal terminations of the occlusal surface (posterior teeth) & less prominent lateral margins of the lingual surface (anterior teeth)

65
Q

Triangular ridges

A

Linear ridges that descent from the tips of cusps of posterior teeth toward the central area of occlusal surface.

66
Q

Transverse ridge

A

Combo of 2 triangular ridges

67
Q

Oblique ridge

A

Special type of transverse ridge which crosses the occlusal surface of most maxillary molars in an oblique direction from the distobuccal to mesiolingual cusps

68
Q

Cusp ridges

A

4 per cusp extending in different directions (mesial, distal, facial, lingual)

69
Q

Inclined plane

A

Sloping area found between 2 cusp ridges

70
Q

Mamelons

A

Small rounded projections of enamel (varying #s and sizes) on the incisal ridges of recently erupted incisors.

71
Q

Fossa (Fossae)

A

An irregular, rounded depression or concavity on the crown of a tooth. Anterior teeth - large, shallow fossa on the lingual surface. Posterior teeth - 2 or more fossae on the occlusal surface

72
Q

Developmental (primary) groove

A

Groove/line that denotes the coalescence of the primary lobes of the crown

73
Q

Supplemental (secondary) groove

A

Auxiliary groove that branches from a developmental groove; normally not as deep

74
Q

Pit

A

Small, depressed area where developmental grooves often join/terminate. Deepest portion of a fossa.

75
Q

Contact area

A

Area on a proximal surface of the crown that contacts the adjacent tooth in the same arch

76
Q

Lobe

A

One of the primary anatomical divisions of the tooth crown, often separated by identifiable developmental grooves.

Dental Anatomy and Occlusion (4 decks)

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