Unit 1

Question 0

Disanalogy

Answer 0

Pointing out a large difference between two situation, for example a trip to Mars is no visit to grandmas house

Question 1

Analogy

Answer 1

When someone uses a similar situation to make a judgement on another one

Question 2

Principle

Answer 2

A general rule that can act as guidance. Eg. It’s our duty to help the poor

Question 3

Principle indicator words

Answer 3

Should, must, ought, duty, shouldn’t, ought not, never

Question 4

Assertion

Answer 4

Where a claim is made with nothing further drawn from it

Question 5

Argument

Answer 5

A written or spoken attempt to persuade, using reasons to support a conclusion

Question 6

Reason

Answer 6

A claim used to support a conclusion

Question 7

Conclusion

Answer 7

The authors point of their argument

Question 8

What is the conclusion of this-

Many UK 16 year olds will reach their 100th birthday so young people should pick their partner carefully

Answer 8

young people should pick their partner carefully

Question 9

Conclusion indicator words

Answer 9

So, therefore

Question 10

Reason indicator word

Answer 10

Because

Question 11

Hypothetical reasoning example and indicator word

Answer 11

If I was better at maths, I would beat the entire year group
If…then
If…would

Question 12

Example indicator words

Answer 12

For example

For instance

Question 13

Counter argument/assertion indicator words

Answer 13

Despite

Although

Question 14

Intermediate conclusion

Answer 14

A smaller conclusion before the main one

Question 15

What’s the conclusion-

Critical thinking must be a good test of intelligence. Our students’ grades directly relate to IQ

Answer 15

Critical thinking must be a good test of intelligence

Question 16

What’s the difference between a reason and evidence?

Answer 16

A reason is generally why, whereas evidence is statistics, or research findings

Question 17

Another word for an assumption

Answer 17

Supposition

Question 18

What does the C of craven stand for?

Answer 18

Circumstance

Question 19

What does the R of craven stand for?

Answer 19

Reputation

Question 20

What does the A of craven stand for?

Answer 20

Ability to see/perceive

Question 21

What does the V of craven stand for?

Answer 21

Vested interest

Question 22

What does the E of craven stand for?

Answer 22

Expertise

Question 23

What does the N of craven stand for?

Answer 23

Neutrality

Question 24

What makes a reason, a reason?

Answer 24

It backs up the conclusion. If you want to check this do the negative test.

Question 25

Name one assumption in this.

Girls are doing so much better than boys in school subjects that soon all the best jobs will be taken by females.

Answer 25

There is a correlation between grades and getting a job
…or…
If girls are doing well now, they will continue to do so in the future (Also hypothetical reasoning)

Question 26

Things to consider when analysing a photo (4)

Answer 26

Could it have been photoshopped or cropped?
How can you be sure this wasn’t staged?
Is the photo too blurred to be 100% certain on the details?
Was the photo taken strategically to achieve a certain effect?

Question 27

In longer questions you assess __________ and _________

Answer 27

Plausibility and credibility

Question 28

When discussing plausibility, what should you consider?

Answer 28

If the reasoning supports the conclusion
Whether evidence is fact or an opinion
Whether examples are relevant
If there is any contradiction in the argument