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AP Government and Politics > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Block Grant

A

Large amount of money provided by the government for a broad reason

Example: education

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1
Q

Bicameral Legislature

A

2 house legislature–>Congress is made up of both the Senate and House of Representatives

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2
Q

Categorical Grant

A

Amount of money provided by the government for a more specific reason

Example: science department

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3
Q

Centralist

A

Someone who supported a strong central/national government (federalist)

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4
Q

Checks and Balances

A

A system devised so that each branch of government can “check” another branch so that no one is able to abuse their power

Example: president can veto a law

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5
Q

Commerce Clause

A

Congress has the ability to regulate state/foreign trade

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6
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

Powers that are shared with both the national and state governments

Example: elections or taxes

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7
Q

Confederation

A

Group of people who work together as a government

Example: the southern states when they seceded from the union

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8
Q

Decentralists

A

People who supported a government where states had more power (anti-federalists)

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9
Q

Direct Democracy

A

When the people directly make changes to legislation and public policy

Example: Greek government (long ago)

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10
Q

Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause)

A

Clause allows the national government to make any laws “necessary” for running the government constitutionally

Example: Patriot Act after 9/11 (necessary because terrorism is now a serious threat/problem)

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11
Q

Electorate

A

People who are able to vote

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12
Q

Enumerated Powers

A

Powers listed directly in the constitution

Example: congress has the power to declare war

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13
Q

Federalism

A

The division between state and national government in which they share powers

Example: Dual, New and Coopertive Federalism

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14
Q

Dual Federalism

A

National government is more limited and the powers are strictly divided between national/state government (state has more power)

Example: layer cake

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15
Q

Cooperative Federalism

A

When federal and state governments work together and share power to solve problems for the good of the people

Example: marble cake

16
Q

New Federalism

A

Much more limited central government (provides more power to states)–>with Reagan

17
Q

Federalist Papers

A

Written by Madison, he wrote newspaper articles trying to convince NY to support and ratify the constitution

Example: No. 10- factions

18
Q

Formal Amendment

A

2/3 of congress vote and 3/4 of the states ratify an amendment

19
Q

Indirect Democracy

A

When people indirectly participate in government by voting for politicians

Aka- representative republic

20
Q

Informal Amendment

A

Elastic Clause allows for the government to make laws as time goes on and society calls for new rules and laws

21
Q

Inherent Powers

A

Deals with foreign affairs (national government)

22
Q

Judicial Review

A

Power of the courts to deem a law or presidential action to be unconstitutional

23
Q

Marbury vs Madison

A

Court case that established judicial review–>Adams stacked the judges before leaving his term as president and Jefferson refused to deliver the court commissions so Marbury filed for a writ of mandamus, but it was denied and considered unconstitutional

24
Q

McCulloch vs Maryland

A

Declared national supremacy when the state of Maryland tried to tax the national government–>in a tied dispute the national government has more power/authority

25
Q

Policing Powers

A

Powers given to the local government

Example: speeding or parking

26
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

Government by the people

27
Q

Reserved Powers

A

Powers reserved for the state because they were not declared in the Constitution to the national government

28
Q

Seperation of Powers

A

3 branches–>
Executive
Legislative
Judicial

29
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

An uprising by the farmers who felt that they were being treated unfairly through the Articles

30
Q

Supermajority

A

2/3

31
Q

Unicameral

A

One house–>British Parliament

AP Government and Politics (1 decks)

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