Unit 1///2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is bivariate data

A

Involves pairs of related data

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2
Q

How can you avoid bias

A

Taking into account characteristics of whole population

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3
Q

What are sampling units

A

All People or items that are to be sampled

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4
Q

What does replicating and repeating an experiment likely to give

A

Valid and reliable results

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5
Q

What are extraneous variables

A

Any variables that you are not interested in but that could affect the results of your experiment

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6
Q

What is a hypothesis

A

An idea that can be tested by collecting and analysing data

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7
Q

What do you need to consider when designing investigations

A

Time
Cost
Ethical issues

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8
Q

What is judgement sampling

A

Using your judgement to select a sample eg asking people you think will be suitable

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9
Q

What is opportunity sampling

A

Using the people or objects available at the time to select a sample

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10
Q

What is cluster sampling

A

Used when data naturally splits into groups

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11
Q

What is quota sampling

A

Group the population by characteristics and use a pre determined number

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12
Q

What is stratified sampling

A

When the total population is divided into groups

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13
Q

How to work out stratified sample

A

Sample size/population size x stratum size

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14
Q

What is random sampling

A

Where every member of a population has an equal chance of being chosen

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15
Q

What is a questionnaire

A

A set of questions designed to obtain data

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16
Q

How to work out capture recapture

A

Do practice questions

17
Q

What does a questionnaire need

A

Neutral survey questions
Avoid biased questions
Keep questions short

18
Q

What is systematic sampling

A

Collecting data in an ordered or regular way eg every fifth Person

19
Q

What is a control group

A

is used to establish a cause-and-effect relationship by isolating the effect of an independent variable.

20
Q

What are the 3 types of experiments

A

Laboratory
Field
Natural

21
Q

What is a natural experiment

A

Experiments carried out in test subjects everyday environement

22
Q

What is a laboratory experiment

A

Experiments conducted in a controlled environment

23
Q

Give an advantage of Laboratory experiments

A

Easy to replicate
Control extraneous variables

24
Q

Give a disadvantage of a lab experiment

A

Test subject may behave differently

25
Q

Give an advantage of field and natural experiments

A

More likely to reflect real life behaviour

26
Q

What is an explanatory variable

A

What you change (independent)