Unit 1 & 2 Flashcards
Teacher of Microbiology
Krystel Grace Vergara Padilla
The Science (logos) of small (micro) life.
The study of living things so small that can not seen by naked eye
Study of microscopic organisms / living things
Microbiology ( Microbes)
Importantance of Microbiology (7)
- Medicine
- Environmental Science
- Food and Drink production
- Fundamental Research
- Agriculture
- Pharmateutical Industry
- Genetic Engineering
Swedish botanist
Established The system of scientific nomenclature in ____
Father of modern taxonomy
Approximately named ______ species of animals
and _______ plants
Carolus Linnaneus, 4400, 7700, 1739 year
comes from the Latin word germen,
meaning to sprout or germinat
Germ
to produce antibiotics, vaccines,
insulin, growth hormones, and diagnostic kits
e.g., E. coli, Polio virus.
Medicine
in nature—
microorganisms have been found to be associated
in a symbiotic relationship with diverse functions
E.g., Lichens, Mycorrhizae. Nitrogen cycle,
Carbon cycle etc.
Environmental Science
Production of
fermented food and beverages, E.g., Yeast,
Penicillium, Lactobacillus
Food and drink production
on Microbial ability to
degrade toxic materials like oil, petroleum,
plastic, E.g., Pseudomonas, Alcanivorax
Fundamental Research
Biofertilizers and biopesticides.
E.g., Rhizobium, Bacillus, Azotobacter
Agriculture
important to produce
acids, enzymes, and pigments. E.g., Aspergillus
niger, Bacillus subtilis
Pharmaceutical Industry
where evolved
microorganisms are considered as a potential
alternate source of energy to produce biofuels.
Genetic Engineering
Microbes that live stably in and on the human
body are called the
Human Microbiome/Microbiota
aid in
digestion and even synthesize some vitamins I.e.,
Vitamin B for metabolism and Vitamin K for
Blood clotting
• They also prevent growth of pathogenic (disease-
causing) species
• They also play a role in training our immune
system to know which foreign invaders to attack
and which to leave alone.
Bacteria in our intestine, including e coli
instituting a two-name method for
identifying plants and animals, called
Each organisms have two names
Binomial Nomenclature : genus, species
Describes the
clustered arrangement of the cells
, and the golden color of the
colonies.
Staphylococcus aureus
E. coli: Honors the discoverer
describes the Backterium Habitat
Theodor
Escherich
The large intestines or colon
Bacterium Habitat
Fungus (-
) that uses sugar ();
Makes beer ()
Myces, saccharo, cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Appearance
of cells in chains () forms.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Strepto
Type of microorganism (8)
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Fungi
- Protozoa
- Algae
- Viruses
- Multicellular parasite
- Prions
Bacterium ()
• Relatively simple, single celled ()
organisms
• Cell wall made of
• May appear in one of several shapes:
(rod-like), (spherical or ovoid),
(corkscrew or curved)
• Reproduce through binary fission
Singular, unicellular, peptidoglycan
Bacteria
Bacillus, coccus, spiral
Consist of prokaryotic cells
• Lacks peptidoglycan in their cell walls
• Can often be found in extreme environments
• Can be divided int o three main grou
Archaea
methane-producing
organisms as waste product from their
respiration.
Methanogens
lives in extremely salty
environment E.g., Great Salt Lake, and
the Dead Sea.
Halophiles
lives in hot sulfurous
water E.g., Hot springs at Yellowstone
National Park
Thermophiles
Eukaryotes, cells have a distinct nucleus
containing the cell’s genetic materials surrounded
by a special envelope called the nuclear
membrane.
• Cell wall made of chitin
• Somewhat looks like plants but does not carry out
photosynthesis
• They obtain nourishment by absorbing solutions
of organic materials from their environment.
Fungi
