Unit 1 Flashcards
algebraic expression
a mathematical statement that includes numbers, operations, and variables to represent a number or quantity
base
the factor being multiplied together in an exponential expression; in the expression a^b, a is the base
coefficient
the number multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression
constant
a quantity that does not change
exponent
the number of times a factor is being multiplied together in an exponential expression; in the expression a^b, b is the exponent
factor
one of two or more numbers or expressions that when multiplied produce a given product
like terms
terms that contain the same variables raised to the same power
order of operations
the order in which expressions are evaluated from left to right (grouping symbols, evaluating exponents, completing multiplication and division, completing addition and subtraction)
term
a number, a variable, or the product of a number and variable(s)
variable
a letter used to represent a value or unknown quantity that can change or vary
equation
a mathematical sentence that uses an equal sign (=) to show that two quantities are equal
exponential decay
an exponential equation with a base, b, that is between 0 and 1 (0 < b < 1); can be represented by the formula y = a(1 – r)t, where a is the initial value, (1 – r) is the decay rate, t is time, and y is the final value
exponential equation
an equation that has a variable in the exponent; the general form is y = a • b x, where a is the initial value, b is the base, x is the time, and y is the final output value.
exponential growth
an exponential equation with a base, b, greater than 1 (b > 1); can be represented by the formula y = a(1 + r)t, where a is the initial value, (1 + r) is the growth rate, t is time, and y is the final value inequality a mathematical sentence that shows the relationship between quantities that are not equivalent
linear equation
an equation that can be written in the form ax + b = c, where a, b, and c are rational numbers
quantity
something that can be compared by assigning a numerical value
rate
a ratio that compares different kinds of units
solution
a value that makes the equation true
solution set
the value or values that make a sentence or statement true
unit rate
a rate per one given unit
coordinate plane
a set of two number lines, called the axes, that intersect at right angles
dependent variable
labeled on the y-axis; the quantity that is based on the input values of the independent variable
independent variable
labeled on the x-axis; the quantity that changes based on values chosen
x-intercept
the point at which the line intersects the x-axis at (x, 0)
y-intercept
the point at which the line intersects the y-axis at (0, y)
algebraic inequality
an inequality that has one or more variables and contains at least one of the following symbols: , ≤, ≥, or ≠
constraint
a restriction or limitation on either the input or output values
inequality
a mathematical sentence that shows the relationship between quantities that are not equivalent
system of equations
a set of equations with the same unknowns
system of inequalities
a set of inequalities with the same unknowns
formula
a literal equation that states a specific rule or relationship among quantities
inverse
a number that when multiplied by the original number has a product of 1
literal equation
an equation that involves two or more variables
reciprocal
a number that when multiplied by the original number has a product of 1
