unit 1 Flashcards
formula for reaction rate/production
amount/time=rate/production
chemical reaction properties(Hint:5properties)
1.colour change
2.temp change
3.mass change
4.pressure change
5.change in pH
slope of line formula
m=y2-y1/x2-x1
line of best fit formula
y=mx+b
how does temperature effect reaction rates?
increasing temp, increases rate,
higher temp=more collisions
how does concentration effect reaction rates?
concentration of reactants increase
more successful collisions per second
how does pressure effect reaction rates?
closed container
volume decreases=pressure increases
increases space, so creates a smaller area meaning higher probability of collisions
how do catalysts effect reaction rates?
-chemical increases the rate of reaction, while not being consumed in the overall reaction, catalyst come out unchanged.
-speeds up by offering an alternative reaction mechanism with lower activation energy
how does the nature of reactants effect reaction rates?
reaction occur through bonds being broken and formed, also electrons being transferred.
weak bonds=fast
strong bonds=slow
how does surface area and phase considerations effect reaction rates?
greater the surface area, the greater the reaction rate
homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions
heterogeneous
different reactants(gas/liquid, solid/gas)
homogeneous
same reactants(gas/gas, liquid/liquid)
define catalyst
a chemical which increases rate of reaction, but not being consumed on the overall reaction
define kinetic energy
Energy in motion. Anything that is moving
what is the importance of the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
can help us explain macroscopic properties of gases(pressure, temp and volume) by motion and molecular composition
2 main points about collision theory
1.reaction rates depends of the frequency of collisions and the reactions that are successful
2.they must have sufficient energy and correct orientation for collisions for a reaction to occur
what is potential energy?
the energy that has the potential to do something
it has potential into turning into a different energy
define activation complex
it is a short lived, unstable hybrid of reactants and products that have high potential energy
define Enthalpy
the total kinetic and potential energy which exists in a system when at a constant pressure
