Unit 1

Question 1

NEED TO KNOW: Its purpose

Answer 1

what ideas the founding fathers used from it

Question 2

Government terms that relate to it.

Question 3

3. Government Terms Self Government - The right of people to

Question 4

govern themselves independently.

Question 5

4. Due Process - The legal requirement that the state must respect

Question 6

all legal rights owed to a person.

Question 7

5. State of Nature - A concept in moral and political philosophy

Question 8

used to describe the hypothetical conditions of what the lives of

Question 9

people might have been like before societies came into

Question 10

existence.

Question 11

6. Limited Government - A governing body whose power exists

Question 12

only within predefined limits that are established by a

Question 13

constitution or other source of authority.

Question 14

7. Separation of Powers - The division of government

Question 15

responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch

Question 16

from exercising the core functions of another.

Question 17

8. Rule of Law - The principle that all people and institutions are

Question 18

subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and

Question 19

enforced.

Question 20

9. Natural Rights - Rights that are not contingent upon the laws

Question 21

customs

Answer 21

or beliefs of any particular culture or government

Question 22

therefore universal and inalienable (e.g.

Answer 22

life

Question 23

pursuit of happiness).

Question 24

NEED TO KNOW: The definitions

Answer 24

what documents they relate to

Question 25

philosopher's ideas.

Question 26

10. Enlightenment Philosophers

Question 27

a. Locke - John Locke believed in natural rights (life

Answer 27

liberty

Question 28

and argued that government is a social contract with the consent of the

Question 29

governed.

Question 30

b. Montesquieu - Montesquieu is best known for his theory of the separation

Question 31

of powers

Answer 31

which divides government into three branches: legislative

Question 32

executive

Answer 32

and judicial.

Question 33

c. Hobbes - Thomas Hobbes believed that in the state of nature

Answer 33

life would

Question 34

be "nasty

Answer 34

brutish

Question 35

avoid chaos and war.

Question 36

d. Rousseau - Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed in the concept of the

Question 37

"general will" and that government should reflect the collective will of the

Question 38

people. He also emphasized the importance of direct democracy.

Question 39

NEED TO KNOW: Their ideas and how they influence the government

Question 40

11. Articles of Confederation

Question 41

What was it?

Question 42

The Articles of Confederation was the first constitution of the United States

Answer 42

establishing

Question 43

a national government with limited powers.

Question 44

What events led to this?

Question 45

The need for a unified government durina the American Revolution led to the drafting of

Question 46

the Articles of Confederation. The desire for independence from British rule and the