Unit 1

Question 1

Define Community

Answer 1

A community is a group of people who are located in a particular space, have shared values, and interact within a social system.

Question 2

What are the four components of community

Answer 2

People
A location in space
Social interaction
Shared values

Question 3

Define Community nutrition

Answer 3

a discipline that strives to prevent disease and to improve the health, nutrition, and well-being of individuals and groups within communities

Question 4

What are the three focal areas of community nutrition

Answer 4

People, policy, programs

Question 5

Define Public health

Answer 5

an effort organized by society to protect, promote, and restore the people’s health through the application of science, practical skills, and collective actions.

Question 6

The scope of public health includes

Answer 6

Infectious diseases
Chronic diseases

Question 7

Define health promotion

Answer 7

the process of enabling people to achieve their maximum potential for good health.

Question 8

What is the focus of health promotion?

Answer 8

Changing human behavior

Question 9

Define intervention

Answer 9

a health promotion activity aimed at changing the behavior of a target audience in order to prevent disease.

Question 10

Aimed at preventing disease by controlling risk factors that are related to injury or disease is what type of prevention effort

Answer 10

Primary

Question 11

Focuses on detecting disease early through screening and other forms of risk appraisal is what type of prevention effort?

Answer 11

Secondary

Question 12

Aims to treat and rehabilitate people who have experienced illness or injury is what type of prevention effort.

Answer 12

Tertiary

Question 13

What is the concept of the Social Ecological Model of health behavior?

Answer 13

Focuses on the nature of people’s interactions with their surrounding physical and sociocultural environments.

Question 14

What are the five levels of influence represented on the SEM?

Answer 14

Individual
Interpersonal
Institutions/organizations
Community
Structures policies and systems.

Question 15

What are the social determinants of health

Answer 15

Health care access and quality
Education Access and quality
Neighborhood and built environment
Economic stability
social and community context

Question 16

When do health disparities occur?

Answer 16

when a segment of the population bears a disproportionate incidence of a health condition or illness

Question 17

The basic science of public health is known as

Answer 17

Epidemiology

Question 18

What is the current definition of epidemiology

Answer 18

Study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events in specified populations and the application of this study to the control of health problems

Question 19

Distribution refers to

Answer 19

the relationship between the health problem or disease and the population in which it exists.

Question 20

Determinants refers to

Answer 20

the causes and factors that affect the risk of disease

Question 21

Infectious diseases have a _________ cause

Answer 21

Single

Question 22

Chronic/social diseases have ________ cause

Answer 22

Multiple

Question 23

Risk refers to

Answer 23

the likelihood that people who are without a disease, but are exposed to certain risk factors, will acquire the disease at some point in their lives.

Question 24

Risk factors can be….

Answer 24

Biological, Physical, Social, Behavioral

Question 25

What are the two steps of interpreting epidemiological data

Answer 25

Evaluate criterion for causal association carefully
Assess causal association critically for bias and chance.