Unit 1 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the purposes of surgery?
- Diagnosis
- Cure
- Palliation
- Prevention
- Cosmetic improvement
- Exploration
These are the six primary reasons for performing surgical procedures.
What are the three phases of surgical procedures described as perioperative?
- Preoperative phase
- Intraoperative phase
- Postoperative phase
These phases encompass the entire process surrounding surgical interventions.
Who are the members of the interdisciplinary team in surgery?
- Surgeon
- Anesthesia personnel (Anesthesiologist, CRNA)
- Circulating nurse
- Preoperative, postoperative nurses
- Radiology personnel
- Respiratory therapist
- Surgical technician, Scrub nurse
- Interpreter
Each team member plays a crucial role in ensuring the success and safety of the surgical procedure.
What must be completed by a provider before a surgical procedure?
A complete History and Physical (H&P) must be completed by a provider before procedure.
This assessment is critical for identifying any potential risks associated with surgery.
What medications may need to be stopped before surgery?
- Blood thinners
- NSAIDs
- Eliquis
These medications can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery.
What allergy is of significant concern in surgery?
Latex allergy
Latex allergies can lead to severe reactions in patients during surgical procedures.
What is the role of the surgeon in informed consent?
- Explain alternate treatment options
- Explain risks versus benefits of procedure
- Ensure patient has an understanding of the procedure
The surgeon is responsible for providing detailed information that helps the patient make an informed decision.
Who can witness the signing of informed consent?
Either the surgeon or a nurse can witness the signature on the consent form.
It is essential for ensuring the validity of the consent process.
What is an important aspect of preoperative physical assessment?
- Obtain baseline vital signs
- Pain assessment
- Assess cardiovascular, respiratory, kidney, neurologic, musculoskeletal, nutrition, skin, psychosocial
This assessment helps identify any issues that could complicate the surgery.
What should be monitored in patients who are NPO (nothing by mouth)?
Fluid and electrolyte status should be monitored in patients who are NPO.
This is important to prevent dehydration and other complications.
What factors can increase risks during surgery in geriatric patients?
- Increased risks with anesthesia
- Sensory deficits
- Decreased cognitive function
Geriatric patients may require additional considerations due to these factors.
What is the significance of informed consent in surgery?
Informed consent ensures that the patient is fully aware of the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the proposed surgical procedure.
It is a legal and ethical requirement before any surgical intervention.
What is a common preoperative instruction for patients?
Techniques of deep breathing and coughing.
These techniques help to prevent respiratory complications post-surgery.
What are the effects of obesity on surgical patients?
- Stresses cardiac and pulmonary systems
- Increased risk of wound dehiscence
- Slower recovery from anesthesia
- Slower wound healing
Obesity can complicate the surgical process and recovery.
What is an example of a preoperative medication that must be administered within 30 minutes of incision?
Cefazolin
This antibiotic is often prescribed to reduce the risk of surgical site infections.
What is the role of the nurse in the informed consent process?
Ensure form is signed and ensure all questions have been answered.
Nurses play a crucial role in facilitating communication between the patient and the surgeon.
Fill in the blank: A preoperative patient with a recent diagnosis of prostate cancer must be informed that __________ is a potential risk of the surgery.
[Surgical risks, including infection and bleeding].
Patients should be made aware of all possible complications associated with their specific procedure.
True or False: Patients should withhold all oral fluids or food after midnight on the day of surgery.
True
This is a standard instruction to reduce the risk of aspiration during surgery.