Unit 1 Flashcards
Agricultural revolution
When farming became the main method for getting food.
Characteristics of a civilization acronym
CAARS
Complex institutions
Government, organized religion, economy, education.
Advanced cities
Areas with a large population where trade occurs
Advanced technology
New tools and techniques to solve problems that emerge.
Record keeping
Some form of written language.
Specialization
Jobs other than farming.
What is patriarchy?
A system of society or government in which men hold the power.
Who is largely excluded from power in a patriarchal system?
Women
What sparked the idea of private property?
Settlement/farming
Domestication
Taming of animals for human use.
Social stratification
Social hierarchy
What is the Fertile Crescent?
A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East.
Which regions are included in the Fertile Crescent?
Assyria, Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Persia.
Artisans
Skilled workers who make goods by hand.
Scribes
Professional record keepers.
City-state
A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside.
What is an empire?
A political order that rules over many distinct peoples.
What are the characteristics of an empire’s borders?
Empires have flexible borders and a desire to absorb more territory and peoples.
What does an empire do with diverse cultures?
Empires unite diverse cultures under a single political umbrella.
What happens to the diversity within an empire over time?
The diversity is reduced and peoples are assimilated into the dominant culture.
Hammurabi’s Code
First written set of laws that all Babylonians were expected to obey.
Babylonian Empire
Empire in Mesopotamia which was formed by Hammurabi.
Mesopotamia
Region often called the Cradle of Civilization.
What is Sumer?
Sumer is one of the earliest civilizations in Mesopotamia.
Where is Sumer located?
Sumer is located in the southern part of Mesopotamia.
What advancements is Sumer known for?
Sumer is known for its advancements in writing, law, and urban development.
Urbanization
Movement of people from rural areas to cities
Agriculture by 500 BCE
East Africa, West coast of Africa, most of Europe and Asia.
Agriculture by 2000 BCE
Small part of China, southern India
Agriculture by 3000 BCE
Northwest coast of Africa, coast of Europe and Azerbaijan/Georgia, etc.
Agriculture by 5000 BCE
Fertile crescent, North China
What areas had agriculture first?
Fertile crescent, North China
