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Unit 1 PE > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Superior definition

A

Above

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2
Q

Inferior definition

A

Below

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3
Q

Proximal definition

A

Near to the root or origin

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4
Q

Distal definition

A

Away fro the root or origin

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5
Q

Medial definition

A

Towards the midline or axis
(an imaginary line down the centre of the body)

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6
Q

Lateral Defnition

A

Away from the midlines or axis

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7
Q

Anterior definition

A

To the front or in front

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8
Q

Posterior definition

A

To the rear or behind

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9
Q

Long bone definition

A

The bones found in the limbs
They have a shaft know as the diaphysis and two expanded ends know as the epiphysis.

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10
Q

Short bones definition

A

Small, light, strong, cube shaped bones consisting of cancellous bon surrounded by a thin layer of compact bone.

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11
Q

Flat bone definition

A

Thin, flattened and slightly curved, with a large surface area

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12
Q

Irregular bones definition

A

Have complex shapes that fit none of the categories of the others.

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13
Q

Sesamoid bones definition

A

Have a specialised function and are usually found within a tendon. These bones provide a smooth surface for the tendon to slide over.

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14
Q

Order of the vertebral column

A

Cervical Vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Sacral Vertebrae
Coccygeal vertebrae

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15
Q

Number of vertebrates in Cervical Vertebrae

A

7

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16
Q

Number of vertebrates in Thoracic vertebrae

A

12

17
Q

Number of vertebrates in Lumbar vertebrae

A

5

18
Q

Number of vertebrates in Sacral Vertebrae

A

5

19
Q

Number of vertebrates in Coccygeal vertebrae

A

4

20
Q

What are the two postural defects

A

Kyphosis
Scoliosis

21
Q

Kyphosis

A

The result of this condition is hunchback because it is the excessive outward curve of the thoracic region on the spine. This is often caused by poor posture but can be caused by deformities of the vertebrae.

22
Q

Function of the skeletal system

A

Support
Protection
Attachment for skeletal muscle
Source of blood cell production
Store of minerals
Leverage
Weight bearing
Reducing friction across joints

23
Q

Function of Long bones
Examples of long bones

A

Movment, Support, Red blood cell production
Femur, Humerus, Tibia, Radius, Ulna

24
Q

Function of Short bones
Examples of Short bones

A

Fine or small movements, shock absorption, Stability, Weight bearing
Carpals, Tarsals

25
Q

Function of Flat bones
Examples of Flat bones

A

Attachment for muscles, protection
Sternum, scapula, pelvis, cranium

26
Q

Function of Sesamoid bones
Examples of Sesamoid bones

A

Protection, reduction of friction across a joint
Patella, Pisiform (wrist)

27
Q

Function of Irregular bones
Examples of Irregular bones

A

Protection (Spinal cord), movement
Vertebrae

28
Q

Ossification

A

The remodelling of the bone

29
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Bring calcium to the vine

30
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Break down the old and damaged bones calcium

31
Q

Epiphyseal line

A

When you finish growing

32
Q

Diaphysis

A

The shaft of the bone of the bone that has got bigger

33
Q

synovial joints (6)

A

HINGE JOINT
BALL AND SOCKET
GLIDING JOINT
PIVOT JOINT
SADDLE JOINT
CONDLOID JOINT

34
Q

The range of movement at a synovial joints

A

-Flexion
-Extension
-Dorsiflexion
-Plantar flexion
-Lateral flexion
-Horizontal flexion/extension
-Hyper-extension
-Abduction
-Adduction
-

35
Q

Different types of muscles

A

-Skeletal muscles
-Cardiac muscles
-Smooth muscles

36
Q

Skeletal muscles (4)

A

-known as striated or striped
-Voluntary, which means it is under conscious control
-they are vital for sport and exercise as they are connected to the skeletal system via tendons and are primary used for movements.
-They can become fatigued during exercise

37
Q

Cardiac muscle (7)

A
  • only found in the wall of the heart
    -work continuously
    -it is involuntary
    -it has its own blood supply
    -its contraction helps to force blood through your blood vessels to all parts of the body
    -each contraction and relaxation of your heart muscles as a whole represents one heart beat
    -does not fatigue
38
Q

Smooth muscle (4)

A

-involuntary
-function under the control of your nervous system
-it is located in the wall of your digestive system and blood vessels
-helps to regulate digestion and blood pressure

39
Q
A

Unit 1 PE (1 decks)

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