Unit 1

Question 1

social contract

Answer 1

citizens are the foundation of government and have the right to revolt when its not fitting their needs

Question 2

republicanism

Answer 2

popular sovereignty but through representatives

Question 3

participatory democracy

Answer 3

belief in widespread political participation

Question 4

pluralist theory

Answer 4

emphasis on the role of groups in the policy making process

Question 5

elitist theory

Answer 5

theory that elites have a disproportionate amount of influence

Question 6

write of habeas corpus

Answer 6

the right of people held by the government to know the charges against them

Question 7

prohibition of bills of attainder

Answer 7

when legislatures declare someone guilty without trial

Question 8

prohibition of ex post facto laws

Answer 8

crimes committed before they were legal cannot put one in jail

Question 9

virginia plan

Answer 9

3 branches of government, direct election for people in house, house chosen by legislatures, more populous state=more reps

Question 10

new jersey plan

Answer 10

one house, each state has equal reps, rep chosen by state legislatures, new powers over taxation and the economy

Question 11

great compromise

Answer 11

two houses with electing based off both population and equality, direct representation

Question 12

amendment process

Answer 12

Article V: 2/3 vote in both houses then 3/4 vote of state legislatures

Question 13

federalists

Answer 13

strong national government, supported constitution

Question 14

antifederalists

Answer 14

favored stronger state governments and opposed the ratification of the consitution

Question 15

factions

Answer 15

a group of self-interested individuals who form groups to use the government to get what they want

Question 16

federal powers

Answer 16

enumerated powers, “necessary and proper” and “commerce” clauses give them power, power to coin money, declare war, etc.

Question 17

shared powers

Answer 17

concurrent powers: constitution allows for the federal government to have and does not prevent states from doing so, power to tax, borrow money, etc.

Question 18

state powers

Answer 18

reserved powers: stated in the Tenth Amendment, power to establish government bodies, hold elections, etc.

Question 19

full faith and credit clause

Answer 19

requiers states to recognize the public acts, records, and civil court proceedings from other states

Question 20

extradition

Answer 20

officials must return a criminal to the state the crime was committed

Question 21

privileges and immunity clause

Answer 21

prevents states from discriminating against anyone from out of state

Question 22

grants-in-aid

Answer 22

money provided to states by the fed gov to carry out a policy the national government says

Question 23

fiscal federalism

Answer 23

the govs use of grants-in-aid to influence policies in the US

Question 24

categorical grants

Answer 24

grants-in-aid with specific provisions in their use

Question 25

unfunded mandates

Answer 25

fed requirements that states must follow without being provided funding

Question 26

block grants

Answer 26

grants-in-aid that gives state officials more power over where the money goes

Question 27

revenue sharing

Answer 27

when the fed gov apportions tax money to the states with no string attached

Question 28

devolution

Answer 28

returning more authority to the state or locals govs

Question 29

McCulloch vs. Maryland

Answer 29

allowed Congress to charter a national bank, refuted the authority of Maryland to tax the bank

Question 30

US vs. Lopez

Answer 30

reinstated the Tenth Amendment (state powers), Lopez charged under the Gun-Free School Zones Act (fed) but not the Texas State Law (state)