Unit 1 Flashcards
The stages of language development in order of age are: Babbling, one-word speech, two-word
speech, telegraphic speech, post-telegraphic speech, and formal grammar.
Language Development Theories and Milestones
suggested that learning a language is like learning any new skill.
BF Skinner
is the conventionalization system of a language, often wrongly distilled into a single word,
“rules.”
Grammar
The word _______suggests a language should have a set of rules first, then people can speak it.
“rules”
____________ is a slow process that starts during early childhood, allowing children to
grasp the spoken word and communicate.
Language development
Language Scratches the Communicative Itch
Picking up and using a language is something, inventing it from scratch is a whole another thing.
Daniel Everett’s Theory
Universal Grammar
Evertt’s work suggests that a language is a social tool that humans developed to communicate and
share knowledge to solve problems.
Chomsky’s Nativist Linguistic Theory
thinks language is innate
Noam Chomsky
A child comes to the world with the prerequisites for language learning. Namely, a built-in tool
Chomsky calls the _________.
Language Acquisition Device (LAD).
The innatist, or nativist theory, attributes the emergence of language as a neural mutation that
occurred way back in a single individual.
B.F. Skinner Behaviorist Theory
The basic notion of this theory is that language has a social origin.
Vygotsky’s Social Interactionist Theory
language is not only due to genetic predisposition or imitation.
Piaget’s constructivist theory argues that language is constructed by following cognitive development.
Piaget’s Constructivist Theory
introduced the Maturation Theory of Child Development
in 1925.
Dr. Arnold Gesell
focuses on how genetics influences development and other behavior.
Maturation Theory of Language Development
five stages of reading development as proposed by ____________
Maryanne Wolf (2008)
By the end of this stage, the child “pretends” to read, can - over time - retell a story when looking at pages of book previously read to him/her, can names letters of alphabet;
Stage 1- The Emergent Pre-reader (typically between 6 months to 6 years old)
In this stage, the child is learning the relationships between letters and sounds and between printed and spoken words.
Stage 2: The Novice Reader (typically between 6 to 7 years old) (back to top)
In this stage, the child is reading simple, familiar stories and selections with increasing fluency
Stage 3: The Decoding Reader (typically between 7 - 9 years old)
By this stage, reading is used to learn new ideas in order to gain new knowledge, to experience new feelings, to learn new attitudes, and to explore issues from one or more perspectives.
Stage 4: The Fluent, Comprehending Reader (typically between 9 - 15 years old)
By this stage, the learner is reading widely from a broad range of complex materials, both expository
and narrative, with a variety of viewpoints.
Stage 5: The Expert Reader (typically from 16 years and older)
