Unit 1 Flashcards
What is Bagdikians 8 features of media ownership?
Concentration of ownership
Vertical integration
Horizontal integration
Global ownership
Conglomeration and diversification
Global conglomeration
Synergy
Technological convergence
What is Ofcom?
Office of commmuncations: media regulator that tries to -
-further interest of consumers
- secure best use of the radio spectrum
- protect the public from harmful broadcasts of media
What are the 2 main types of media?
Traditional - non-digital, large audiences, non-interactive
New Media - Digital, screen-based, internet for distribution
Issues with the concentration of media ownership and control
Limits freedom of speech as only a few organisations can deliver news
Means media org’s can pick and choose what sort of media we see (agenda-setting)
What is pluralism?
A conalition or system in which two or more states, groups, principles, sources of authority
Pluralist view of the media (simple)
Media organisations produce content that the audience find interesting
The most popular media organisations are the most powerful
Pluralist view of journalists
Journalists are not forced to follow any ideology and will stick to journalist values
Criticisms of pluralists:
How much choice do we really have?
Are the audience intelligent enough to work out good quality news?
Instrumentalist/ Marxist view of the media
Bourgeoisie owners instruct editors and journalists to spread the dominant ideology - therefore creating a false class consciousness
Examples of Marxist influence on editors (Murdoch)
Murdoch was arguing for a war in Iraq and influenced his 175 newspapers in backing his argument
Leveson inquiry (government influenced)
John Major (former prime minister) suggested that Murdoch made it clear that if he didn’t change his views on the EU he would change who his newspapers supported - blackmailing
Evaluations of an instrumentalist apporoach
Pluralists would argue people have a view and can pick what type of media you want to see
Neo-Marxist view of the Media
Owners, editors and journalists support capitalist system because they are seen as ‘common sense’ - usually white middle-class
How much of the countries lead new journalists were educated in private schools?
Over half - 54%
Neo-Marxist view of journalists
Journalists and editors support the dominant ideology out of choice - they see it as ‘common-sense’
