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AP Environmental Management > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

low income country meaning

A

countries that have the weakest economies and are least developed. the category is determined by the low GNI per capita of US$ 1086 or less

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2
Q

Gross national income or GNI

A

The total amount of money earned by a nations people and businesses this is used to measure a nations wealth

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3
Q

Middle Income countries

A

countries that have started to develop with growing industries and GNI per capita is more than 1086 but less than 13205 and is increasing

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4
Q

High income countries

A

countries that have strong well developed economies and a good standard of living where the GNI per capita is more than 13205

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5
Q

what are factors affecting the economies

A

social, natural resources, natural disasters and international relationships

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6
Q

sustainability

A

the ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future

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7
Q

ecosystem

A

a biological community of organisms interacting with each other and the physical environment`

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8
Q

Pollution

A

the presence of introduction into the environment of a substance which is harmful or has poisonous effects

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9
Q

biodiversity

A

the number of different living organisms found within an ecosystem or region

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10
Q

Evaporation

A

the process by which liquid turns to gas

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11
Q

precipitation

A

water falls to the ground as rain, snow, sleet or hail

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12
Q

transpiration

A

water lost through the leaves of the plant

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13
Q

humidity

A

the percentage of water vapor in the air

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14
Q

condensation

A

the process by which a gas changes a liquid due to cooling

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15
Q

boiling point

A

the temperature in which something boils

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16
Q

interception

A

anything that stops water from hitting the soil

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17
Q

stem flow

A

rain fall that reaches the ground in a forest by draining down the trunks of plants

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18
Q

through fall

A

rain that fall through the leaves and branches of the plant

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19
Q

fun off

A

the draining away of water over land flow

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20
Q

aquifer

A

an underground storage of water

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21
Q

infiltration

A

the movement of water into the soil from the surface

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22
Q

through flow

A

the lateral transfer of water downslope through the soil

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23
Q

ground water

A

the water found underground in cracks of spaces in the soil and rock

23
Q

ground water flow

A

water that flows underground

24
Q

abstraction

A

the process of taking the water from the ground water source

25
Q

how does run off happen?

A

if the soil is already full of water, drains are full or the rate of water that the soil is able to absorb is too slow for the amount of rain

26
Q

natural greenhouse effect

A

the warming of the atmosphere by gasses found naturally in the atmosphere by trapping heat from the sun

27
Q

green house gasses

A

gasses in the atmosphere that absorb radiation

28
Q

enhanced green house effect

A

and increase in the warming of the atmosphere over and above the greenhouse effect. gasses are produced by humans

29
Q

Shortwave radiation

A

the energy coming from the sun into the earth

30
Q

longwave radiation

A

the energy coming out of the earth that it is emitting

31
Q

Species

A

a group of animals that can produce together

32
Q

population

A

a species of an animal in a specific location

33
Q

community

A

different populations living together in an ecosystem

34
Q

Competition

A

fighting for a specific resource

35
Q

intra specific

A

competition within a species

36
Q

decomposers

A

organisms that take organic materials from dead organisms and return it to the soil

36
Q

inter specific

A

a competition between a species

37
Q

biomass

A

the total quantity or weight of organic material in an ecosystem

38
Q

Limiting factor

A

ANYTHING that limits the population from growing

39
Q

what does the amount of water effect

A

which organisms can live there

40
Q

salinity

A

amount if salt in water or soil

41
Q

what happens when you add salt to water?

A

it can affect how much water can evaporate and it lowers the freezing point while raising the boiling point

42
Q

photosynthesis chemical equation

A

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

43
Q

carbon store

A

a source that releases carbon into atmosphere

44
Q

Carbon sink

A

anything that absorbs more carbon that it can release

45
Q

Carbon source

A

a carbon store that releases more carbon than it can replenish

46
Q

what happens when you burn gas

A

is becomes CO2

47
Q

temperature

A

the average energy of the particles

48
Q

combustion

A

a chemical reaction that happens when you burn something with carbon

49
Q

Fossilization

A

when organic material starts to mineralize

50
Q

Earth’s atmospheres in order

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

51
Q

name all parts of the water cycle

A

condensation, precipitation, interception, infiltration, surface run off, through fall, ground water, ground flow, transpiration and evaporation

52
Q

state major components of the earths atmosphere

A

nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon and water vapor

53
Q

what is included in the carbon cycle

A

photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, fossilization, and combustion

54
Q

chemical equation for respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

55
Q

what layer is the ozone layer apart of

A

the stratosphere

AP Environmental Management (2 decks)

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