Unit 1 Flashcards
low income country meaning
countries that have the weakest economies and are least developed. the category is determined by the low GNI per capita of US$ 1086 or less
Gross national income or GNI
The total amount of money earned by a nations people and businesses this is used to measure a nations wealth
Middle Income countries
countries that have started to develop with growing industries and GNI per capita is more than 1086 but less than 13205 and is increasing
High income countries
countries that have strong well developed economies and a good standard of living where the GNI per capita is more than 13205
what are factors affecting the economies
social, natural resources, natural disasters and international relationships
sustainability
the ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future
ecosystem
a biological community of organisms interacting with each other and the physical environment`
Pollution
the presence of introduction into the environment of a substance which is harmful or has poisonous effects
biodiversity
the number of different living organisms found within an ecosystem or region
Evaporation
the process by which liquid turns to gas
precipitation
water falls to the ground as rain, snow, sleet or hail
transpiration
water lost through the leaves of the plant
humidity
the percentage of water vapor in the air
condensation
the process by which a gas changes a liquid due to cooling
boiling point
the temperature in which something boils
interception
anything that stops water from hitting the soil
stem flow
rain fall that reaches the ground in a forest by draining down the trunks of plants
through fall
rain that fall through the leaves and branches of the plant
fun off
the draining away of water over land flow
aquifer
an underground storage of water
infiltration
the movement of water into the soil from the surface
through flow
the lateral transfer of water downslope through the soil
ground water
the water found underground in cracks of spaces in the soil and rock
ground water flow
water that flows underground
abstraction
the process of taking the water from the ground water source
how does run off happen?
if the soil is already full of water, drains are full or the rate of water that the soil is able to absorb is too slow for the amount of rain
natural greenhouse effect
the warming of the atmosphere by gasses found naturally in the atmosphere by trapping heat from the sun
green house gasses
gasses in the atmosphere that absorb radiation
enhanced green house effect
and increase in the warming of the atmosphere over and above the greenhouse effect. gasses are produced by humans
Shortwave radiation
the energy coming from the sun into the earth
longwave radiation
the energy coming out of the earth that it is emitting
Species
a group of animals that can produce together
population
a species of an animal in a specific location
community
different populations living together in an ecosystem
Competition
fighting for a specific resource
intra specific
competition within a species
decomposers
organisms that take organic materials from dead organisms and return it to the soil
inter specific
a competition between a species
biomass
the total quantity or weight of organic material in an ecosystem
Limiting factor
ANYTHING that limits the population from growing
what does the amount of water effect
which organisms can live there
salinity
amount if salt in water or soil
what happens when you add salt to water?
it can affect how much water can evaporate and it lowers the freezing point while raising the boiling point
photosynthesis chemical equation
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
carbon store
a source that releases carbon into atmosphere
Carbon sink
anything that absorbs more carbon that it can release
Carbon source
a carbon store that releases more carbon than it can replenish
what happens when you burn gas
is becomes CO2
temperature
the average energy of the particles
combustion
a chemical reaction that happens when you burn something with carbon
Fossilization
when organic material starts to mineralize
Earth’s atmospheres in order
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
name all parts of the water cycle
condensation, precipitation, interception, infiltration, surface run off, through fall, ground water, ground flow, transpiration and evaporation
state major components of the earths atmosphere
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon and water vapor
what is included in the carbon cycle
photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, fossilization, and combustion
chemical equation for respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
what layer is the ozone layer apart of
the stratosphere
