Unit 1 Flashcards
Republicans After Civil War
Wanted reconciliation with the help of Abraham Lincoln
Radical Republicans
Wanted equal rights and vengeance
Andrew Johnson
A poor southerner and democrat who became president after Lincoln’s assassination, ex-civil war rebels came back into power with his lead
13th Amendment
No slavery except for prison
14th Amendment
Citizenship protected
15th Amendment
Protected the right to vote
1876 Election
Tied election allows north to win if they take away the army in the south, but gold is found in the west so the government agrees
Homestead Act
Provides 160 acres of land to any citizen or intended citizen, not a confederate, who agrees to improve the land
Cattle in Texas
Too cheap and too many after war, Goodnight-Loving trail is created for hungry miners and Native Americans who’s land had been stolen
Robber Baron
Businessperson who is wealthy by means of unfairness and does not use the wealth for good
Captain of Industry
Businessperson who is wealthy but is fair and uses wealth for good/philanthropy
Vertical Integration
Process by which companies buy out all supplies/raw materials
Horizontal Integration
Process by which a company buys out/merges with competing companies
Trust
A system where industrialists combine companies under one board of directors to control an industry, reduce competition, and increase profits, also a type of horizontal integration
Faisser-Faire Economics
An economic philosophy where the government doesn’t regulate businesses, meaning leave it alone
Union
A group with collective bargaining power
Knights of Labor
Inclusive, cooperative union
American Federation of Labor
Exclusive especially to KOL, a skilled labor focused union
Industrial Workers of the World
Socialists, anarchists, radical, with a direct action for industries union
European Migration Reasons
Religious persecution, food scarcity, class systems, revolutions, and opportunity
Chinese and Japanese Timeline
Came to America at same time, then excluded, went to Hawaii, Hawaii becomes a state so to California
Approval in Journey to America
Inability to speak English, screened for health problems and could be quarantined, had to prove ability to work and have some money
Nativism
Anti-immigrant movements
Chinese Exclusion Act
Restricted Chinese immigration
Homestead Qualifications
Head of the household, at least 21 years old, certify he or she had never taken up arms against the U.S
Homestead Provings
Live on the land, build a home, make improvements to the land, and farm for five years
Dawes Act
Break up tribal lands by means of assimilating indigenous people, stripping them of their land and selling it, and restricting them of becoming U.S. citizens unless they agreed to the division
Dawes Act Impact
Giving them a fraction of land unsuitable for agriculture, required ranching, eligibility for enrollment in order to receive land, underpaid, difficulties for their future generations because they did not know how to farm or the land was too little
Chief Joseph’s Retreat
Defeated troops but surrendered and placed in reservation
Battle of Little Bighorn Other Name
Custer’s Last Stand
Wounded Knee Massacre
Last major conflict, massacre when Colonel Forsyth ordered weapons and Deaf Native American accidentally shot it off
Sitting Bull
Killed during arrest for performing Ghost Dance
Panic of 1873
Cause of first Great Depression when the stock market crashed due to investments, particularly railroads being sold off
Henry George
Candidate who wanted to separate gaps between rich and poor
Jacob Riis’ Book
How the Other Half Lives
Competing Companies to Build Transcontinental Railroad
Union Pacific and Central Pacific
Andrew Carnegie
Capitalist who helped build the steel industry, believed to be a Captain of Industry
Homestead Strike
A violent labour dispute between the Carnegie Steel Company and many of its workers
Pullman Strike
A widespread railroad strike and boycott that disrupted rail traffic
Coal Strike of 1902
A strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the coalfields
Holding Company
A parent company whose purpose is to buy and control the ownership interests of other companies
Americanization Movement
Nationwide effort to bring immigrants into the American cultural system
Urbanization
The process of more people live in cities
Settlement Houses
Organizations that provided support services to the urban poor and European immigrants
