Unit 1

Question 1

Computer Science

Answer 1

The study of computers and computation.

Question 2

Computer

Answer 2

A device used to store and process data (usually in binary form) according to instructions given to it by a program.

Question 3

Program

Answer 3

A statement or series of statements that a computer executes to produce a desired behavior.

Question 4

Hardware

Answer 4

The physical portion of a computer system.

Question 5

Software

Answer 5

The digital portion of a computer system.

Question 6

Computing Innovation

Answer 6

The creation of new ideas, technologies, and approaches in computer science.

Question 7

Programming Language

Answer 7

A system of notation for writing computer programs.

Question 8

Low-Level Language

Answer 8

Programming languages that are easily understood by computers but not by humans.

Question 9

High-Level Language

Answer 9

Programming languages that are easily understood by humans which are then translated into lower-level languages.

Question 10

Parameters

Answer 10

A kind of variable that is passed to a function when it is called.

Question 11

Syntax

Answer 11

The rules that define how programming languages must be written.

Question 12

Syntax Error

Answer 12

An error that occurs when a program doesn’t follow the programming language’s syntax.

Question 13

Logic Error

Answer 13

An error that occurs when a program runs but doesn’t output the desired result.

Question 14

Runtime Error

Answer 14

An error that occurs when a program takes too long to process

Question 15

Debugging

Answer 15

The act of removing errors and bugs within a program.

Question 16

Avatar

Answer 16

An icon, character, or sprite that is used to represent a user.

Question 17

Algorithm

Answer 17

A set of rules or instructions used to get the solution to a problem.

Question 18

Code Comments

Answer 18

Comments left within a program that have no effect on how the program runs.

Question 19

Pseudocode

Answer 19

Code that is written to be more understandable and outline what one wants a program to do. It is usually a mix of human and programming languages and can’t be used as actual code.

Question 20

Abstraction

Answer 20

The process of removing unnecessary elements from a program or code.

Question 21

Java

Answer 21

A high-level, object-oriented programming language.

Question 22

Java Classes

Answer 22

Classes are templates that define the structure and behavior of objects in Java.

Question 23

Java Objects

Answer 23

Java objects are instances of a class created using a “new” keyword. Each Java object has its own set of data and can use the methods defined in its class to perform different actions.

Question 24

Java Main Method

Answer 24

The main method is the entry point of a standalone Java application, as when you run a Java program, the main method is invoked and the instructions in it are executed.

Question 25

Is indentation required for Java?

Answer 25

No, but indentation may help with visibility.

Question 26

User-Defined Identifiers

Answer 26

Names created by a programmer to identify Java classes, methods, variables, and other entities in code.

Question 27

Curly Braces

Answer 27

{The parentheses that are used to define a block of code.}

Question 28

Compile & Run

Answer 28

The process of converting human-readable code into bytecode and running it on the host machine.

Question 29

Turtle Methods

Answer 29

A Java library that uses a turtle sprite to draw like a pen.

Question 30

Turtle Graphics Window

Answer 30

The graphics window where the turtle draws and executes its code.

Question 31

t.forward(x);

Answer 31

The turtle moves forwards x pixels.

Question 32

t.right(x);

Answer 32

The turtle turns right x degrees.

Question 33

t.left(x);

Answer 33

The turtle turns left x degrees.

Question 34

t.setheading(x);

Answer 34

the turtle turns to face in the direction x. This can be inputted via navigational directions or degrees on a circle.

Question 35

t.setpencolor(x); and t.setpc(x);

Answer 35

The turtle and its pen trail turn the color x.

Question 36

t.showturtle(x);

Answer 36

The turtle becomes visible if not already visible.

Question 37

t.hideturtle(x);

Answer 37

The turtle becomes invisible if not already invisible.

Question 38

t.pendown(x);

Answer 38

The turtle puts its pen down and draws when it moves if the pen is not already down.

Question 39

t.penup(x);

Answer 39

The turtle lifts its pen and doesn’t draw when it moves if the pen is not already up.

Question 40

t.setxy(x, y);

Answer 40

The pen moves to the coordinates (x, y) on the turtle graphics window.

Question 41

t.setshape(x);

Answer 41

The shape of the turtle’s pen trail changes to x.

Question 42

t.setpensize(x);

Answer 42

The turtle’s pen width changes to one plus x pixels on both sides.

Question 43

t.arc(x, y);

Answer 43

The turtle draws in a circle x degrees long with a radius of y.

Question 44

t.ellipse(x);

Answer 44

The turtle creates an ellipse with the size x.