unit 1

Question 1

All living systems in the _____________ depend on earth’s other systems to survive.

Answer 1

biosphere

Question 2

In which step of the water cycle is the water is turned into water vapor?

Answer 2

evaporation

Question 3

The four types of liquid water from least salty to most salty are _____.

Answer 3

freshwater, brackish water, saltwater, brine

Question 4

the study of water as it moves through the water cycles

Answer 4

the study of oceans, which includes navigation of the oceans

Question 5

_______________ forms when ice crystals melt on their fall to earth’s surface and then refreezes as it encounters a layer of air below freezing before hitting the earth.

Answer 5

Sleet

Question 6

The ____________ is the system that contains all the air surrounding the earth.

Answer 6

atmosphere

Question 7

What is the scientific method?

Answer 7

a series of steps that scientists use to find out more about the world in which we live

Question 8

How did Ptolemy contribute to oceanography?

Answer 8

drew a world map that was used by mankind for over 1,200 years

Question 9

Define aquatic biology.

Answer 9

the study of life in water

Question 10

An example of a closed system can be _____.

Answer 10

water cycle

Question 11

What is an independent variable?

Answer 11

a variable that is purposefully changed in an experiment

Question 12

What is hydrosphere?

Answer 12

the system that contains all the earth’s water and the water cycle

Question 13

What is referred to as a controlled variable?

Answer 13

a variable that does not change during an experiment

Question 14

What is percolation?

Answer 14

when water falls on soil, rocks, or sand the water slowly moves downward due to gravity through the pores of these materials

Question 15

Indus River

Answer 15

Early civilization in present-day Pakistan developed near the _____.

Question 16

What is a theory?

Answer 16

is accepted as true by most scientists but they can change

an explanation of a natural or physical phenomenon based on a hypothesis that has been found to be true and has been verified many times by different groups of scientists

Question 17

How much of the adult human body is made out of water?

Answer 17

70%

Question 18

Systems thinking is _____.

Answer 18

circular

Question 19

The _________ is the top layer of earth’s crust.

Answer 19

lithosphere

Question 20

_________________ is the step in which saltwater is transformed into freshwater.

Answer 20

Evaporation

Question 21

Ancient Egyptians developed their civilization near the _____.

Answer 21

Nile River

Question 22

The scientific phrase for water is _____.

Answer 22

dihydrogen monoxide

Question 23

What is groundwater?

Answer 23

Groundwater is water that is stored under the earth’s surface.

Question 24

The _________ is the system that contains all of earth’s land and rocks.

Answer 24

geosphere

Question 25

What is a scientific law?

Answer 25

absolute truth, simple and can be applied in all situations a factual statement that describes an action, or set of actions, in precise terms

Question 26

_______ and _______ discovered the water cycle.

Answer 26

Bernard Palissy Leonardo da Vinci

Question 27

In which step of the water cycle does the water return to land and falls from the clouds?

Answer 27

precipitation

Question 28

____________ are just as likely to be proven true or false.

Answer 28

Hypotheses

Question 29

A ___________ is an explanation of a natural or physical phenomenon based on a hypothesis that has been found to be true and has been verified many times by different groups of scientists.

Answer 29

theory

Question 30

What is a good way to start a problem?

Answer 30

If _____________, then _____________.

Question 31

___________ correctly identified both whales and dolphins as mammals.

Answer 31

Aristotle

Question 32

In what ways do clouds become too heavy with water?

Answer 32

Bergeron Process

Question 33

____ is the process of water vapor transforming into liquid water or ice crystals and forming clouds.

Answer 33

Condensation

Question 34

In which step of the water cycle is the water is turned into liquid?

Answer 34

condensation

Question 35

What is referred to as the dependent variable?

Answer 35

a variable that is changed by, or because of, the independent variable

Question 36

What is the water cycle?

Answer 36

a system that moves and recycles water through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation

Question 37

What is a good way to start a hypothesis?

Answer 37

If _____________, then _____________.

Question 38

What is runoff?

Answer 38

water that falls on the earth's surface, flows, but does not infiltrate into the ground

Question 39

What is referred to as an extraneous variable?

Answer 39

an uncontrolled variable that could interfere with an experiment

Question 40

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 40

an educated guess.

Question 41

hydrology.

Answer 41

the study of water as it moves through the water cycles