Unit 1

Question 1

What is biology?

Answer 1

The Study Of Life

Question 2

What are organisms composed of?

Answer 2

Matter

Question 3

What is matter?

Answer 3

Anything that takes up space and has mass.

Question 4

What is matter made up of?

Answer 4

Elements

Question 5

What is an element?

Answer 5

A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions.

Question 6

What is a compound?

Answer 6

A substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio.

Question 7

What does a compound have?

Answer 7

Emergent properties, characteristics different from those of its elements.

Question 8

How many natural elements are there?

Answer 8

92

Question 9

What are trace elements?

Answer 9

Elements required in only minute quantities.

Question 10

What is an atom?

Answer 10

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that still retains properties of an element?

Question 11

What does each elements consist of?

Answer 11

Each elements consists of a certain type of atom, different from the atoms of any other element.

Question 12

What are atoms composed of?

Answer 12

Atoms are composed of smaller parts called subatomic particles.

Question 13

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons are all _________________.

Answer 13

Subatomic Particles

Question 14

What forms the atomic nucleus?

Answer 14

Neutrons and protons

Question 15

What do electrons form?

Answer 15

Electrons form a “cloud” of negative charge around the nucleus

Question 16

Neutron Mass and Proton Mass are _________.

Answer 16

Identical

Question 17

Neutron and Proton ass are measured in ______________.

Answer 17

daltons.

Question 18

What is atomic number?

Answer 18

The number of protons in its nucleus.

Question 19

What is an element’s mass number?

Answer 19

The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 20

What are Isotopes?

Answer 20

Two atomic forms of an elements that differ in number of neutrons.

Question 21

When do Radioactive isotopes decay?

Answer 21

They decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy,

Question 22

What are some applications of radioactive ispotopes in iological research.

Answer 22

Dating Fossils, Tracing atoms through metabolic processes, diagnosing medical disorders

Question 23

True of False, Radiation from decaying isotopes also pose a hazard to life by damaging celluar molecules.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What is Energy?

Answer 24

The capacity to cause change.

Question 25

What is potential energy?

Answer 25

The energy that matter has because of its location or structure.

Question 26

The electrons of an atom have portenial energy due to what?

Answer 26

Their distance from the nucleus.

Question 27

Changes in potential energy in steps of _____ amounts.

Answer 27

Fixed

Question 28

What does an electron's energy level correlate to?

Answer 28

An electron's energy level is correlated with its average distance from the nucleus

Question 29

What is the chemical behaviorof an atom determined by?

Answer 29

The distribution of electrons in electron shells.

Question 30

What does the chemical behavior of an atom depend mostly upon?

Answer 30

It's outermost shell of electrons, or the valence shell.

Question 31

What are valaence electrons?

Answer 31

Valence electrons are those that occupy the valence shell.

Question 32

True or False: The reactivity of an atom doesn't arise from the presence of one or more unpaired electrons in the valence shell.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

True or False: Atoms with completed valence shells are unreactive or inert.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

True or False: Atoms with incomplete valence shells cannot share or transfer valence electrons with certain other atoms.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

Atoms stay close together, held by attractions are called ____________________.

Answer 35

Chemical Bonds

Question 36

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 36

The sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.

Question 37

In a covalent bond, do the shared electrons count as part of each atom's valence shell?

Answer 37

Yes

Question 38

Two or ore atoms held together by covalent bonds constitute a ___________.

Answer 38

Molecule