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Biology EOC Study > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

Learn the Unit 1 Magnet Biology Terms

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is biology?

A

The Study Of Life

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2
Q

What are organisms composed of?

A

Matter

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3
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that takes up space and has mass.

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4
Q

What is matter made up of?

A

Elements

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5
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions.

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6
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio.

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7
Q

What does a compound have?

A

Emergent properties, characteristics different from those of its elements.

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8
Q

How many natural elements are there?

A

92

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9
Q

What are trace elements?

A

Elements required in only minute quantities.

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10
Q

What is an atom?

A

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that still retains properties of an element?

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11
Q

What does each elements consist of?

A

Each elements consists of a certain type of atom, different from the atoms of any other element.

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12
Q

What are atoms composed of?

A

Atoms are composed of smaller parts called subatomic particles.

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13
Q

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons are all _________________.

A

Subatomic Particles

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14
Q

What forms the atomic nucleus?

A

Neutrons and protons

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15
Q

What do electrons form?

A

Electrons form a “cloud” of negative charge around the nucleus

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16
Q

Neutron Mass and Proton Mass are _________.

A

Identical

17
Q

Neutron and Proton ass are measured in ______________.

A

daltons.

18
Q

What is atomic number?

A

The number of protons in its nucleus.

19
Q

What is an element’s mass number?

A

The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

20
Q

What are Isotopes?

A

Two atomic forms of an elements that differ in number of neutrons.

21
Q

When do Radioactive isotopes decay?

A

They decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy,

22
Q

What are some applications of radioactive ispotopes in iological research.

A

Dating Fossils, Tracing atoms through metabolic processes, diagnosing medical disorders

23
Q

True of False, Radiation from decaying isotopes also pose a hazard to life by damaging celluar molecules.

A

True

24
Q

What is Energy?

A

The capacity to cause change.

25
Q

What is potential energy?

A

The energy that matter has because of its location or structure.

26
Q

The electrons of an atom have portenial energy due to what?

A

Their distance from the nucleus.

27
Q

Changes in potential energy in steps of _____ amounts.

A

Fixed

28
Q

What does an electron’s energy level correlate to?

A

An electron’s energy level is correlated with its average distance from the nucleus

29
Q

What is the chemical behaviorof an atom determined by?

A

The distribution of electrons in electron shells.

30
Q

What does the chemical behavior of an atom depend mostly upon?

A

It’s outermost shell of electrons, or the valence shell.

31
Q

What are valaence electrons?

A

Valence electrons are those that occupy the valence shell.

32
Q

True or False: The reactivity of an atom doesn’t arise from the presence of one or more unpaired electrons in the valence shell.

A

False

33
Q

True or False: Atoms with completed valence shells are unreactive or inert.

A

True

34
Q

True or False: Atoms with incomplete valence shells cannot share or transfer valence electrons with certain other atoms.

A

False

35
Q

Atoms stay close together, held by attractions are called ____________________.

A

Chemical Bonds

36
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

The sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.

37
Q

In a covalent bond, do the shared electrons count as part of each atom’s valence shell?

A

Yes

38
Q

Two or ore atoms held together by covalent bonds constitute a ___________.

A

Molecule

39
Q
A

Biology EOC Study (1 decks)

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