Unit 1

Question 1

Italian Renaissance main ideas

Answer 1

Classics, Idividualism/Humanism, secularism

Question 2

Revival of the classics

Answer 2

Greek, Roman, and Biblical. Philosophy, archetechture, art

Question 3

Petrarch

Answer 3

Father of Humanism, italian renaissance philosopher

Question 4

Individualism

Answer 4

Emphasized importance of the unique individual, and “who you should aim to be”

Question 5

Influencial artists

Answer 5

Michealangelo; naturalism, Bruneleschi;cathedral Duomo, Raphael; school of athens, Pieter Brugel; naturalism

Question 6

Erasmus

Question 7

Johann Gutenberg

Answer 7

Printing press in Germany 1455; distribute ideas rapidly

Question 8

New monarchies and their effects

Answer 8

Limit power of the nobility, centralized power, national identity, internal and external trade, religous control

Question 9

Tudor family

Answer 9

1485, War of the roses, England

Question 10

Technology advancments

Answer 10

Navigation tools, cartography, military tech

Question 11

Economic motive

Answer 11

Trade routes, Mercantilism

Question 12

Mercantilism

Answer 12

16-18th centuries, Finite amount of wealth in the world, balance of power, more export than import with trade, naval power, colonial territories, manufactured goods

Question 13

Religon

Answer 13

Spread christianity, One religion basically,

Question 14

Colonial expansion

Answer 14

Portugese Empire; powerful exploration,
Spanish Empire; became a dominant european state,
France; fur trade in new world,
England; compete with the spanish empire,
Netherlands; dutch east india company, dutch golden age

Question 15

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 15

Spain and Portugal split colonial empires east and west to keep from fighting over territory

Question 16

Columbian Exchange

Answer 16

Animals, Plants, Disease, SLAVES

Question 17

Slave Trade causes 1444-1800/1900

Answer 17

Consumerism, Plantation economy, death of indingenous people, cheap labor costs

Question 18

Commercial Revolution

Answer 18

Banking innovations: money based economy, rich and poor rather than power and slave
Enclosure movement: scientific farmer, get rid of the “commons”, switching between farming areas for nutrients
Price Revolution: Inflation, food shortage for the poor, population decrease

Question 19

Differneces Between northern and Italian renaissance

Answer 19

Northern: More christain, Social groups (w/ christain principles), power with the king, queen, and prince
Italian: More secular, Individualism, Humanism, power with the rich and the pope

Question 20

Erasmus

Answer 20

Advocated for education, centered around christianity and the bible

Question 21

War of the Roses

Answer 21

england,

Question 22

Spain Monarchy

Answer 22

Isabella & Ferdinand - 1580 - kinda absolutist, took full religous control, unified spains independent kingdoms

Question 23

Centralization and power

Answer 23

Empire growth, trade control, $$$, military

Question 24

Discovery and Exploration main ideas

Answer 24

Expansion, Gold, God, Glory, Christopher colombus

Question 25

Motives for expansion

Answer 25

Trade, religous conquest, $$$, more power than others

Question 26

Portugal sea empire

Answer 26

Henry the navigator, trade control, powerful navy, spain becomes a competitor

Question 27

Discovery

Answer 27

Christopher comlombus, New world, Aztecs, Indigineous peoples, comlombian exchange