Unit 1

Question 1

How is a mineral different from a rock?

Answer 1

A mineral is to a rock what an atom is to a molecule.

Question 2

What’s a rock?

Answer 2

A rock is an aggregate of minerals.

Question 3

What is a mineral?

Answer 3

A homogenous, naturally occurring, solid inorganic substance with a definable chemical composition and an internal structure characterized by an orderly arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a lattice.

Question 4

What are Earth processes?

Answer 4

Solidification, Precipitation, Formed by organisms

Question 5

Which are usually bigger, anions or cations?

Answer 5

Anions are usually larger than cations.

Question 6

What are the three types of crystals?

Answer 6

Euhedral, anhedral, subhedral

Question 7

Which one of the three crystal types has well-defined faces?

Answer 7

Euhedral

Question 8

Quartz breaks with a ______ fracture.

Answer 8

conchoidal

Question 9

Calcite breaks into ______

Answer 9

Rhombs

Question 10

What are the seven mineral classes?

Answer 10

Sulfides, Oxides, Halides, Sulfates, Carbonates, Native metals, Silicates

Question 11

What are the five ways minerals can form?

Answer 11

Solidification from a melt, precipitation in water, diffusion, biomineralization, precipitation from gas.

Question 12

Metamorphic rock is formed by:

Answer 12

burial and heating

Question 13

Igneous rock is formed by:

Answer 13

melting from metamorphic rock or heating and melting from sedimentary rock

Question 14

sedimentary rock is formed by:

Answer 14

erosion, transportation and deposition