Unit 1 Flashcards
Globalization
How people around the world are becoming more interconnected and interdependent
Aspects of globalization
Four:
Economic
Political
Cultural
Environmental
Economic globalization
Economic activities such as trade, financial flow and transportation
Increasingly significant role of multinational corporations
Influence majority of the products you buys (eg. Clothes, electronics, food)
Political globalization
The process where political decisions and actions, such as human rights, democracy, the rights of workers, are becoming more similar
This is the legal and political negotiations between governments
Embassies around the world allow countries to have open communication to maintain connections
Eg. Countries in the EU have agreed to share similar laws, currency and allow citizens to move between borders
Another eg. Canada, Mexico and US have an agreement to freely trade certain products between them - USMCA
Citizens can also take action in response to world events through: protests, supporting political organizations and charity work
Social globalization
The transmission of cultures, ideas and values around the world
This process occurs through the internet, pop culture, international travel and migration
Environmental globalization
The global effect of human activity on the environment, and the effects of global environmental changes on people
Effect of economic development and trade causes the destruction of habitat and natural resources —> causes more disasters
Forces of globalization
Four:
Communication
Trade
Transportation
Media
Communication
New communication devices have revolutionized the speed and distance that ideas can be communicated
Trade
Movement of goods, services and ideas has widely expanded
Trade because:
Not available in their own region
Better quality or less expensive
Different from products produced at home
Transportation
The variety and efficiency of transport has increased
Some important inventions:
Shipping containers
Air travel
Refrigeration
Media
New tech makes much more media and information spread around the world, with a lot more variety too
However, it’s increasingly more concentrated in the hands of a few people
Transnational corporations
Companies based in one country while developing, delivering, manufacturing and selling products in more than one country
They are creating and influencing the music, movies, television and generally entertainment that we watch and listen to
Also consolidating other aspects of our identity such as what we eat and the way we dress
Media concentration
Concentration of media companies in fewer hands (monopolies)
Media convergence
Use of tech to integrate media such as newspapers, books, tv and internet
Individual identity
A subjective sense of self based on personal characteristics
Collective identity
A way to recognize your identity in relation to others and the outside world
Universalization of pop culture
The spread of popular music, ideas, dance and other social forms around the world to create a single monoculture
Eg. K-pop, Sesame Street, McDonalds
Sometimes called Americanization
Hybridization
The combining of elements of two or more cultures to create something new
Eg. Metis, fusion food
Diversification
Increase of different cultures within one area. Directly opposes the concept of monoculture or melting pot
Sometimes called pluralism
Accommodation
As people learn about different cultures they come to accept and create space for one another
Eg. Baltej Singh Dhillon vs RCMP (1989-1990)
Acculturation
Cultural changes that occur when cultures adapt and borrow from one another’s culture
Cultural revitalization
When a group works to revive or ensure that their culture is a major part of their people’s identity
Integration
The bringing together of smaller groups to make a larger equal society
Can occur through a society becoming more accepting of it’s different parts and through individuals adapting to their society
Homogenization
The erasing of cultural differences as people become more and more similar
Assimilation
The loss or absorption of one cultural group when put into contact with another
Marginalization
When a subgroup of people feel excluded from society. They are treated with inequality when compared to the rest of society.
Affirming and promoting identity
To assert or declare your identity as true
Individuals: through language and traditions (dance, name, etc.), or learning about their culture (Chinese school, etc.), or creating specific news, cultural and language websites and social media
Gov: through specific laws and regulations (CRTC, CBC, language laws)
Eg. A museum exhibit by the cultural group
Another eg. Returning artifacts from museum to cultural group they were stolen from
CRTC
Canadian Radio-Television Telecommunications Commission
Created in 1968
Independent body that reports to the gov
Controls what is shown on television (cable not Netflix or Disney) and radio to ensure the content is Canadian
Bill 101
Created in 1977
Mandates all commercial signs are in French and all schooling is in French unless you went to an English school in Quebec
Bill 21
Attempt to secularize Quebec society by preventing individuals from wearing religious symbols when working in government
