Unit 1 Flashcards
alkane
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alkene
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phenyl
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carbonyl
aldehyde, ketone
aldehyde
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ketone
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carboxyl
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hydroxyl (alcohol)
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enol
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ether
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ester
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acetyl
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anhydride (two carboxylic acids)
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amino (protonateD)
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amido
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imine
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N-substituted imine (Schiff base)
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guanidinium
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imidazole
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sulfhydryl
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disulfide
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thioester
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phosphoryl
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phosphoanhydride
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mixed anhydride
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alkyl
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amino acid 5 groups
1.) Nonpolar,aliphatic R groups
2.) Aromatic R Groups
3.) Polar, uncharged R Groups
4.) Positively charged R Groups
5.) Negatively Charged R Groups
Ionizable Amino Acids (7)
Positively
Negatively
Tyrosine
Cysteine
Nonpolar, aliphatic R groups (7)
Glycine
Alanine
Proline
Valine
Leucine
Isoleucine
Methionine
Aromatic R Groups (3)
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Tryptophan
Polar, uncharged R Groups (5)
Serine
Threonine
Cysteine
Asparagine
Glutamine
Positively Charged R groups (3)
Lysine
Arginine
Histidine
Negatively Charged R Groups (2)
Aspartate
Glutamate
Traits of Nonpolar, aliphatic group (3)
hydrophobic
nonpolar
stabilize protein structure via hydrophobic effect
Traits of aromatic r groups (3)
- relatively Nonpolar (hydrophobic)
- all contribute to the HP effect
Polarity: Tyrosine = Tryptophan > Phenylalanine
Traits of Polar Uncharged R Groups (2)
- Soluble in H2O
- more hydrophilic then Nonpolar, aliphatic group
Positively Charged R-Group (1)
Most hydrophilic
threonine
polar uncharged
serine
polar uncharged
cysteine
polar uncharged
weak acid
ionizable
asparagine
polar uncharged
glutamine
polar uncharged
aspartate
negatively charged
glutamate
negatively charged
lysine
positively charged
arginine
positively charged
histidine
positively charged
phenylalanine
aromatic
tyrosine
aromatic
tryptophan
aromatic
glycine
nonpolar aliphatic
alanine
nonpolar aliphatic
proline
nonpolar aliphatic
valine
nonpolar aliphatic
leucine
nonpolar aliphatic
isoleucine
nonpolar aliphatic
methionine
nonpolar aliphatic