Unit 1 Flashcards
Main qualities of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Family oriented, very religious,
Main qualities of the Virginia colony
Single men, economic, gold
Southern Climate/ raw materials/ land/ topography
Warm and wet, fertile soil, good for cash crops, tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton
Northern Climate/ raw materials/ land/ topography
Cold and rocky, not good for growing, subsistence farming, wood, shipbuilding
Push factors
Reasons to leave a place (Bad jobs, religious persecution, high cost of living)
Pull factors
Reasons to go to a place (Job opportunities, freedom, land)
Biggest reasons people left England for the colonies
England had no opportunity for land, Anglican church, religious persecution
What was New Englands economy based on?
Goods and services, ship building
What was the Souths economy based on?
Plantation systems, cash crops, slave labor
What is mercantilism?
The idea that the colonies work to serve the mother country economically, supplying raw materials and buying finished goods. Export more than you Import
What is triangular trade?
Trade from England to Africa, Africa to Colonies, Colonies back to England
What is salutary neglect?
Englands policy of allowing the colonies to govern themselves because it was too expensive/ difficult to put British troops in the colonies.
When did salutary neglect end?
After the French and Indian war
What did salutary neglect cause?
It caused the colonies to have a sense of independence from England.
What were the main characteristics of the New England Colonies?
Church and school oriented, not religiously tolerant, ship building, large families, puritan
What were the main characteristics of the Middle Colonies?
Tolerant, very diverse, good middle ground, family farms
What were the main characteristics of the Southern Colonies?
Not religion focused, plantations, cash crops, money forward, slave labor necessary for economy
What was the House of Burgesses?
The colonies representative government and legislative body
What were the Town Hall Meetings?
Local gatherings to regulate and govern the colonies, representative governments
Characteristics of the Anglican church?
Follows Catholic Practices, however the head of the church is the King of England
Characteristics of the Huguenots?
Predestination, understanding the bible on their own, rejects the saints, prayers, and structure of the Catholic Church
Characteristics of the Puritans?
Faith is focus of life, being able to read the bible, acceptance of god means they will be saved
Characteristics of the Quakers?
God is in everyone, everyone is equal, nonviolent
What is “The city upon a hill”?
The idea that the puritans had that they were the model community that others should try to achieve
What was the French and Indian war?
A war fought between Britain and the Natives who allied with France. This happened because the French had a history of treating the Natives well. Britain and France were fighting over land which heavily effected the colonies.
Who won the French and Indian war and what did it cause.
Britain won, giving the colonies control from the coast to the Mississippi, this lead to the proclamation line of 1763.
What was the Proclamation of 1763?
Stated that colonists could not move past the Appalachian mountains, this made colonists very upset and was one of the first things that gave colonists revolutionary thoughts
What were the parliamentary acts?
Taxes and acts imposed on the colonists that made the colonists even angrier and want to separate from England more.
what is “No taxation without Representation”?
The rallying cry for colonists, they were angry that Parliament was imposing taxes on the colonies without the colonies having representation in parliament.
What is the Albany plan?
The first attempt by Ben Franklin to unite the colonies under one government
What was the Boston Tea Party?
A group of patriots dressed up as Indians and attacked British ships at the harbor carrying tea. They dumped over $1 million in tea into the water.
What was Britain’s response to the Boston Tea Party?
They closed the Boston harbor
What was the Stamp Act Congress?
A meeting of colonists to discuss if Britain had the right to tax the colonists, this is where the rally cry “No taxation without representation” came from.
What was the Mayflower Compact?
A document that established basic laws and order for the colony. First little bit of a democracy in the colonies.
What was the first continental congress?
Delegates from each colony met in Pennsylvania to draft a list of grievances to the king. The agreed to meet 1 year later if the king did not respond.
What was Lexington and Concord?
The very first battle of the revolution. This kicked off the American revolution and inspired several other revolutions – “The shots heard ‘round the world”
What was the 2nd continental congress?
Happened only 8 months after the first continental congress because of the battle of Lexington and Concord. Drafted the Olive branch petition, established the articles of confederation, began the writing of the declaration of independence.
What was “Common Sense”?
A persuasive paper to help encourage people to be in favor of the colonies gaining their independence. Stated that “A tiny island across the sea should not control a continent”
What is The Declaration of Independence?
The colonies “Breakup letter” to the king. Established the independence of the colonies, and the idea that there should be a limited government that the people have the right to change if they are not protecting their natural rights
What are the 3 natural (Inalienable) rights?
Life, Liberty, The pursuit of happiness
What is social contract?
The idea that the people have the right to overthrow a government that is not protecting their natural rights.
What is separation of power?
The idea that there should be multiple section of government that all work to check each other. Prevents anyone from having too much power. Montesquieu.
