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Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Black Death

A

A pandemic primarily caused by the bubonic plague that resulted in the widespread loss of life across Europe, Asia, Africa

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2
Q

Caliphate

A

A form of Islamic government led by the caliph who is considered the successor to prophet Muhammad

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3
Q

Champa Rice

A

Refers to a high yield rice variety that was originally from Vietnam and later introduced to China (Tang Dynasty)

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4
Q

Crusaders

A

A religious and military campaigns that were initiated by the Christians in Europe to reclaim the Holy Land

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5
Q

Feudalism

A

Social and economic system where land ownership and the granting of lands in exchange for loyalty and service formed the basis of a hierarchical society

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6
Q

Holy Roman Empire

A

Complex political entity in medieval and early modern Europe characterized by the union of territories and states under the authority of an emperor, often with ties to the Roman Catholic Church/ruled over western and Central Europe

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7
Q

House of Wisdom (Abbasid Baghdad)

A

Renowned centers of learning and translation in Abbasid era Bagdad where scholars of various cultures worked together to preserve and advance knowledge

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8
Q

Hundred Year’s War

A

Series of conflicts lasting from between England and France over territorial disputes and claims to the French throne

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9
Q

Kublai Khan

A

Was a mongol ruler who established the Yuan Dynasty in China and is best for expanding the Mongol Empire into the Chinese and Persian territories

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10
Q

Mahayana Buddhism

A

Focused on spiritual growth for all beings and in service strongest in China and Korea

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11
Q

Magna Carta

A

Historic document in England that limited the power of the monarchy and established certain legal rights and principe for the nobility and over time for citizens

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12
Q

Ming Dynasty

A

Ruling dynasty in China known for its economic prosperity cultural achievements and the contractions of the Great Wall

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13
Q

Muhammad

A

Considered the final prophet in Islam and the founder of the religion/the messenger of God. He received revelations from God that form the basis of the Quran

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14
Q

Ottoman Turks

A

Influential Islamic state that emerged and than became the Ottoman Empire, which spanned three continents

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15
Q

Pax Mongolic

A

“Mongol Peace” was a period of relative peace and stability in Eurasia during the Mongol Empire when trade and cultural exchange flourished

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16
Q

Seljuk Turks

A

Medieval Turkish dynasty that played a significant rule in the spread of Islam and the interactions between the Islamic world and the Byzantine Empire

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17
Q

Sufi

A

A mystic and spiritual dimension of Islam focused on seeking a direct personal connection with God and the pursuit of inner enlightenment

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18
Q

Shogun

A

Was a military commander who held power often serving as the ruler in place of the emperor

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19
Q

Song Dynasty

A

Chinese dynasty, characterized by its contributions to technology, art, culture, including development or moveable type printing.

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20
Q

Tang Dynasty

A

Chinese dynasty, contributions to poetry art and the expansion of the Silk Road trade routes

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21
Q

Tenochtitlan

A

The capitol of Aztec empire

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22
Q

Theravada Buddhism

A

Focused on personal spiritual growth through silent meditation and self discipline. Strongest in SE Asia

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23
Q

Tibetan Buddhism

A

Focused on chanting Strongest in Tibet

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24
Q

Umayyad dynasty

A

Early Islamic caliphates known for its expansion and rule over a vast Islamic Empire, capital in Damascus

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25
Yuan Dynasty
Chinese Dynasty established by the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan marking the Mongol conquest of China and the first non Chinese dynasty to file the country
26
Abu Bakr
Was the first caliph and a close companion of Prophet Muhammad. played a role of the expansion of Islam
27
Autonomy
Region of group ability to govern itself with a degree of self rule and independence often within the framework of a larger political entity
28
Aztecs
Indigenous Mesoamerican civilization that thrived in what is now Mexico before the Spanish conquest they were known for there advanced agriculture architecture and complex social structure
29
Bakufu
Military government established in Japan during the feudal period with the shogun as its leader. It’s makes a decentralized form a rule with significant regional power center
30
Bhakti Movements
Was a Medieval Indian religious and cultural movement that emphasizes devotion and love for a personal god or goddess often in contrast to rigid rituals
31
Bedouin
Traditionally nomadic Arab desert, dwelling people known for their expertise in desert servival and mobility
32
Canon Law
Body of laws and legal principles made and enforced by the Christian Church
33
Chinampas system
An ancient Mesoamerican agricultural method that involved creating artificial islands for farming by dredging nutrient rich mud form water bodies
34
Diasporic Community
Consist of people who have migrated from their homeland and settles on various parts of the world often maintaining their cultural and ethnic ties to their place of origin
35
Excommunications
Religious practice used to expel on individuals from a religious community, a form a punishment for violating religious doctrines of rules
36
Five Pillars of Faith
Represent the core acts of worship practice that all Muslim are expected to follow. They include the declaration of faith prayer almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan and pilgrimage
37
Great Zimbabwe
Medieval African Kingdom and city known for its impressive stone structure and important center in Africa
38
Griot
West African storyteller, historical and oral poet who carries on the oral tradition of passing down the history and cultural heritage of their people
39
Guild System
Was a medieval system of association or organization craftsmen and trades people who set standards for their respective trades and regulating apprenticeships and trade practices
40
Hegemony
Refers to the dominance or influence of one group or state over others often in political economic or cultural contexts
41
Hein Era
A period in Japanese history known as for its cultural achievements literature and the establishment of the imperial capital in Heian Kyo
42
Hersey
The belief or practice that goes against the accepted religious teachings or doctrines of a particular faith after leading to accusation of deviance or mono conformity
43
Hadith
Saying and actions of the prophet Muhammad in Islam which along with the Quran serve as a source of guidance and religious law for Muslims
44
Hajj
Annual Islamic pilgrimage to the holy state of Mecca which is only of the five pillars of faith in Islam and a religious duty for all Muslims who are physically and financially stable
45
Inca
Largest pre Colombian civilization in the Americans known for its advanced engineering agricultural and administrative system in the Andes region of South America
46
Jihad
a struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam
47
Jizya
Jizya tax historically imposed on non Muslim in some Islamic states as a form of protection and exemptions from military service
48
Ka’ba
A cube shape building located in the center of the Musjid al Haram in Mecca which is the most sacred site in Islam and the focal point of the hajj pilgrimage
49
Khanate
Is a political entity or region ruled by a Khan often associated with mongol and Turkic states and empires
50
Khipus (Quipus)
We’re intricate system of knotted cords used by the Inca civilization for record keeping and communication
51
Limited Government
Political system in which the power and authority of the government are restricted by a constitution or laws protecting individual rights
52
Manor System (Manorialism)
The economic and social structure in medieval Europe where the manor or estate was largely self sufficient with peasants working the land and producing goods for the lord of the manor
53
Mamluk
Islamic military caste often of slave origin who rose to peer and ruled serve Al Muslims empires
54
Maya
Mesoamsricans civilization koans for its advanced achievements in math astronomy architecture and hieroglyphics
55
Mit’a system
A labor tribute system used by the Inca empire where subjects were required to perform a amount of labor for the state
56
Neo-Confucianism
It’s a philosophical and ethical movement that emerged in china during the song dynasty combining Confucianism with elements of Buddhism and Daoism
57
Osman
The founder of the Ottoman Empire and its first sultan
58
Parliament
Legislative body in various counties such as the United Kingdom where representatives are elected or appointed to make and pass laws
59
People of the book
A term in Islam referring to Jews Christians and other religions group that are believe to have received divine revelations and are granted a protected status
60
Pogrom
A violent organize attack of massacre often targeting a specific group especially Jews
61
Quran
Holy book of Islam
62
Saladin
A Muslim military leader and sultan of Egypt and Syria known for his role in the crusades and for recapturing Jerusalem
63
Serf (serfdom m)
Laborer bound to the lands and u Under the authority of a lord during the feudal system with limited freedom
64
Sunni
Two major branches of Islam representing a minority of Muslims who follow the tradition of the prophet Muhammad
65
Shi’ite
Is another major branch of Islam, representing a minority of Muslim who believe in divine right of Ali and his descendants to lead the Islamic community
66
Stateless society
Social structure that lacks a centralized government it state authority and many operate on the basis of customary or tribal rules
67
Sundiata
Founder of the Mali empire in west Africa and is often regarded as legendary figure in African history
68
Samurai
The noble warrior class in feudal Talan known for their strict code of ethics called Bushido
69
Swahili coast
East African coastal region where swhaili culture developed
70
Take of the Genji
Japanese novel sorted by murasaki Shikibu during the heian period one of the first novels
71
Feminin (Genghis Khan)
Was the founder of mongol empire and the leader of one of the largest empires
72
Tribute System
Was a traditional East Asia practice where neighboring states and societies acknowledge the superiority of the Chinese emperor by providing tribute
73
Ulama
Islamic scholars and jurist who interprets religious law and provide guidance on Islamic matters
74
Vernacular
Refer to the everyday language spoken by people in a particular region
75
Zheng He
Chinese Explorer and mariner during the Ming dynasty known for his extensive voyages in the Indian Ocean

WHAP-Vocabulary (1 decks)

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