Unit 1

Question 1

Native americans- Nature to Nations.

Answer 1

The 13 arrows in the united states seal represent the idea of peace and war, each arrow representing the 13 colonies. Prior to the first democracy there were 5 native tribes that lived in what is today upstate new york. Hiawatha was a warrior who was one of the peacemaker’s first fighters but had to pay a price and all his daughter died from dark magic. The condolence ceremony is a ceremony using shells to clear people of grief and clear their minds. The purple in the wampum belt represents the time period of loss and grief during wars. once a belt is strung it allows the one wearing it to be empowered as a representative of their people and necessarily acts as a treaty.

Question 2

Comanche and other Native Americans.

Answer 2

One of the best known Native groups is the comanche, their name means those who like to fight. Their warriors used a tactic in battle in which they would armor their horses and use a circular figure that forms a whirling attack motion. Over 200 years 90% of natives died due to exposure to european diseases. The numbers varied from 100 million to less than 10 million depending on the location. In 1875 the U.S. army took a strike at the heart of Comanche to which were their horses. The U.S army killed over 1 thousand horses, due to the loss of their horses they lacked the ability to fight back against the europeans and were sent to live on a reservation on fortstill. It is said that the killed horses run free every full moon. The europeans took over 98% of Native Americans land. Despite all that has happened Native groups are pushing through to keep their traditions alive by teaching their preserved to younger generations such as ancient medicine to keep interest. According to Comanche tradition tobacco take all prayers straight to the creator.

Question 3

The way of life of ancient americans and their impact

Answer 3

Native americans relied on hunting and gathering practices to survive for thousands before the development of agriculture. After english colonizer came into the u.s and tried to take their land they maintained their tradition, culture and sharing stories the best they could which is a form of resistance against the colonizers. One of the best known Native groups is the comanche, their name means those who like to fight. Their warriors used a tactic in battle in which they would armor their horses and use a circular figure that forms a whirling attack motion. Many Natives life by the life philosophy of humility and compassion. Natives have helped feeding millions of people by developing new foods from wild plants. The impact from native americans was their severe loss of land and culture due to the europeans.

Question 4

Jamestown

Answer 4

Jamestown was the first permanent english settlement in north america. It was founded in virginia in 1607 by King James I

Question 5

Triangle Trade/Middle passage

Answer 5

Middle passage-The forced voyage of enslaved africans across the atlantic ocean to the new world. Was a leg of triangular trade route in which took goods from europe to africa. Millions of african men women and children made the 21-90 day voyage in incredibly poor conditions. The ship was overcrowded and poorly taken care of. It is said that roughly 12.5 million slaves were transported through middle passage 1.5 million of which that died during the trip.

Question 6

Indentured Servants

Answer 6

A labor contract in which one will work to repay an indenture or loan over time, typically over several years.

Question 7

Stono Rebellion

Answer 7

The largest slave rebellion in the southern colonies that began on september 9th, 1739 within the colony of South Carolina. Consisted of roughly 20 slaves who raided a shop near wallace creek which was a branch of the stono river. It ultimately resulted in the death of 25 colonist and between 35 to 50 slaves killed. The survivors were sold to the west indies.

Question 8

Plymouth

Answer 8

The first english settlement in the region of modern day new england in the united states. Settle by religious separatists known as pilgrims who crossed the atlantic in the mayflower.

Question 9

Massachusetts bay colony

Answer 9

Founded by Puritans(a religious group in england). Founded to escape religious persecution and the hope to build a religious model community in america. The productivity and quality of life were remarkable for the time.

Question 10

Stamp Act

Answer 10

March 2nd, 1765 the british parliament passed the stamp act to help pay the british troops stationed in the colonies during the seven years war. Required colonists to pay a tax, represented by a stamp, on various forms of papers, documents and playing cards (newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, broadsides, legal documents, dice and playing cards).

Question 11

Great awakening

Answer 11

A religious revival act that impacted the 13 colonies from 1730s and 1740s. Jonathan Edwards who is said to have been a northampton anglican minister sent a message to the colonies that all humans were sinners and that god was an angry judge and people needed to always ask for forgiveness. ( sinners in the hands of an angry god )

Question 12

Seven Years war/ French-Indian War

Answer 12

A war between britain and france that lasted from 1756 to to 1763. Over territories and expansions throughout North america. Although france took many wins over america in quick succession to a young george washington, America ultimately won during the battle in canada.

Question 13

Declaration of independence

Answer 13

A declaration that brought all 13 states of the colonies together to write a script in order to declare independence from the british. This document although not legally binding is very powerful. The declaration of independence was written by thomas jefferson, benjamin franklin, john adams, roger sherman and robert livingston.

Question 14

Sugar Act

Answer 14

A parliament passed in 1764 in which provided for a enforced tax on sugar, molasses and other products imported into the americas by non british sources. This made the post war economic depression worse for all colonists

Question 15

Declaratory Act

Answer 15

A declaration by the British Parliament that accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act. It stated that the British Parliament’s taxing authority was the same in America as in Great Britain. Parliament had directly taxed the colonies for revenue in the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act. Was published march, 18th 1766 by charles watson wentworth

Question 16

Townshend Duties/Act

Answer 16

A series of measures passed by the british parliament in 1767 in which taxed good imported into the american colonies. The american colonists saw this act as an abuse of power.

Question 17

Boston Massacre

Answer 17

A confrontation of march 5th of 1770 in which 9 british soldiers shot into a crowd of colonist who were harassing them and in the process killed 5 colonists and injured many others.

Question 18

Committee of correspondence

Answer 18

Longstanding institution that became a key of communication systems during the early years of the american revolution

Question 19

Tea Act

Answer 19

A law passed by the british parliament which gave all control of trade and delivery of tea to the east tea company and also added a tax onto all tea sales.

Question 20

Coercive/Intolerable Act

Answer 20

A series of 4 laws passed by the british parliament to punish the colony of Massachusetts bay for the boston tea party.

Question 21

Common Sense

Answer 21

In 1776, Thomas Paine released “Common Sense” which challenged the authority of the british government and the royal monarchy.

Question 22

Treaty of Paris

Answer 22

Ended the revolutionary between great britain and the U.S. which recognized the american revolution and established borders for the new nation. The treaty was signed the 3rd of september 1783

Question 23

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 23

The olive branch petition was written by john dickinson during the american revolution to the british crown as an attempt to prevent a formal war and for King George III to respond to colonist concerns and for them to settle their differences.

Question 24

Columbus

Answer 24

The english explorer who “discovered” the new world. He caused many issues with the natives starting wars taking land and killing hundreds of them and ending tribes by bringing them to extinction.

Question 25

Isabel and Ferdinand of Spain

Answer 25

They funded Christopher Columbus’s voyage to the New World, and they were Henry VIII’s first father-in-law and mother-in-law

Question 26

Conquistadors

Answer 26

A group of spanish soldiers exploring the new world led by hernan cortes

Question 27

Iroquois

Answer 27

The diverse and influential group of native (5 tribes) who heavily impacted the politics and history of their time. Their voices and contributions still heavily affect the world today.(Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca)

Question 28

Powhatan

Answer 28

Paramount chief of Tsenacomoco, or tidewater Virginia, in the late 1500s and early 1600s. He united thousands of tribes creating a powerful alliance. He was the highest authority when the english arrived and formed jamestown in 1607

Question 29

Quakers

Answer 29

A group of missionaries who rejected elaborate religious ceremonies and believed in spiritual equality in both men and women. Due to their beliefs they were persecuted and forbidden to worship freely. They were early advocates for religious freedom.

Question 30

W penn

Answer 30

William Penn was the founder of Pennsylvania and was one of the first champions of expressive freedoms in the U.S. colonies. He was a quaker and an advocate of religious freedoms.

Question 31

Puritans and separatists

Answer 31

Puritans- Individuals whose main goal was reforming the church of england
Separatists- Those who had given up on the idea and rejected the church of england.

Question 32

King G

Answer 32

The leader of britain during the american revolution. Known for losing the colonies and going mad.

Question 33

John Winthrop

Answer 33

The first governor of the Massachusetts bay colony and a leading puritan founder of new england.

Question 34

Players in the revolution

Answer 34

Samuel Adams, George Washington, King George III, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Hancock, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, John Dickinson, ETC

Question 35

1st and 2nd continental congress

Answer 35

A meeting of delegates chosen from the thirteen colonies and first convened in 1774 and again in 1775.Oversaw the war effort, raised the Continental Army, made the Declaration of Independence, and drafted the Articles of Confederation. Patrick Henry, George Washington, John and Samuel Adams, John Jay, and John Dickinson.

Question 36

T. Jefferson

Answer 36

Thomas Jefferson was a founding father of america and the principal author of the declaration of independence. He served as the 3rd president of the United States from 1801 to 1809

Question 37

B. Franklin

Answer 37

B. Franklin is best known for being the only founding father to sign all three documents that ultimately freed the United States. He helped shape the constitution and vision for the new nation.

Question 38

Sons of liberty

Answer 38

A underground political organization active in the 13 colonies created due to the societal and political fallout of the french and indian war. They used an extreme form of civil disobedience in which was sometimes violent, there main goal was to intimidate loyalists and outrage the british government. One of their most known members being samuel adams.

Question 39

Daughters of liberty

Answer 39

A formal female association that was formed in 1765 and are best known for boycotting stamp and taxed goods effectively leading to the repeal of the stamp act all together

Question 40

G. Washington

Answer 40

George washington was an american military officer, statesman, and founding father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797

Question 41

What role did minority groups play in the development of the colonies and in the Revoution

Answer 41

They took part as soldiers and sailors; they provided intelligence on enemy troops and plans. They worked as craftsmen, laborers and farmers.

Question 42

What experiences tended to unify the colonists in British North America during the 18th century

Answer 42

The implementation of taxes against the colonies caused them to all rise in anger, along with the british massacre when colonists saw how terrible things truly war and many who were loyalists began to revolt as well.

Question 43

How did the seven years war lay the groundwork for the colonial crisis

Answer 43

The war expenses caused even more taxes to put on the colonists in order to pay for said expenses which rose the anger and revolt against the british.

Question 44

What was the reaction to the various acts

Answer 44

All colonists reacted in very different way to the acts passed by the british parliament many reacted in boycotting and anger

Question 45

Europeans reasons for traveling to the new world and their impact

Answer 45

The reason the Europeans were traveling was an attempt to look for new trade routes. They had forever lasting impacts on what is now the United States from the Stolen land from natives and all the wars fought along the way.

Question 46

Similarity and differences between south north and middle colonies

Answer 46

The New England, Middle, and Southern colonies had multiple differences, but multiple similarities. The main differences were where they were settled, who they were and their purpose for settling. The main similarities were religious freedom and slavery/indentured servants.

Question 47

cash/export crop as well as slave labor were means of growth in southern colonies

Answer 47

The rising demand in cash crop such as cotton, tobacco and sugar cane raised the need for slaves to do the work for them to make the export of the crops easier.

Question 48

role of religion in the establishment, development and government in colonies

Answer 48

Christian religious groups played an influential role in each of the British colonies, and most attempted to enforce strict religious observance through both colony governments and local town rules.

Question 49

How colonies developed their own culture in the mid 1700’s

Answer 49

Many different ethnic and religious group had migrates to the colonies assisting in creating their own cultures and systems.

Question 50

Causes of the American Revolution

Answer 50

Taxation without representation, Boston tea party, Boston massacre, intolerable acts, The townshend act, coercive acts, lexington and concord

Question 51

How the colonists beat the british and gained independence.

Answer 51

The colonists were able to beat the british and gain independence with the help from france, spain and the netherlands.