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American National Government > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

State of Nature

A

Hobbes wrote about it; in a strong government you have _______ (sad, solitary, brutish, short)

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2
Q

Civil War Amendments

A

-13th (prohibited slavery)
-14th (equal protection; due process)
-15th (voting rights based on race, color, and previous condition of servitude; no mention of sex or gender)

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3
Q

The Great Compromise

A

-we get a stronger central government
-court system capable of overturning state laws
-we get bicameral legislature

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4
Q

Federalist #51

A

separation of powers
-3 branches (congress, presidency, the courts; all 3 are equal)
-checks and balances
-congress declares; president executes
-congress has key functions and funds government

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5
Q

Obergefell vs Hodges

A

there was a patchwork of states to varying level would allow same sex couples to marry or not

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6
Q

Selective Incorporation

A

incorporation of rights on a case by case basis

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7
Q

New Federalism

A

-states get it together (kinda)
-new political mandate (kinda)
-U.S. vs Lopez
Devolution

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8
Q

Pluralism

A

political power rests with competing interest groups who share influence in government (claims political power rests in the hands of groups of people)

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9
Q

Elastic Clause

A

the last clause of Article 1, Section 8, which enables the national government “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying” out all its constitutional responsibilities

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10
Q

Civil Disobedience

A

an action taken in violation of the letter of the law to demonstrate that the law is unjust

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11
Q

Barron vs Baltimore

A

ruled the Bill of Rights of the U.S. Constitution was not binding on state government

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12
Q

Mapp vs Ohio

A

4th amendment; no searches or seizures without a proper warrant

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13
Q

Miranda vs Arizona

A

ruled that an arrested individual is entitled to rights against self-incrimination and to an attorney under the 5th and 6th amendments of the U.S. Constitution

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14
Q

Gideon vs Wainwright

A

14th amendment; equal protection of everyone in the U.S. under the laws

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15
Q

Social Contract

A

our relationship with the government

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16
Q

Federalism

A

power is divided by a constitution, a central government, and a regional government; two kinds: dual (clear line of authority between levels of government) and cooperative (intermingling among levels of government)

17
Q

Political Equality

A

every state gets 2 senators

18
Q

Democracy

A

-everything can’t be voted on
-we have a representative form (republic)
-fair and frequent elections
-majority rules with minority rights
-political ethics (choose someone based on your beliefs
-people rule; we delegate it out

19
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

Keep our independence
Issues:
-government too weak
-no president
-bad economy
-farms failed
-couldn’t pay soldiers
-shay’s rebellion
-annapolis confederation
-constitution confederation

20
Q

Bill of Rights

A

10 amendments; added so constitution would be ratified

21
Q

Devolution

A

transfer of power to lower level; legal transfer of property

22
Q

Brown vs Board of Education

A

Supreme Court strikes down “separate but equal” racial segregation at the state-level & empowers the national government to intervene

23
Q

Order

A

-purpose of government
-social contract
-nuance views of social contract
-Locke said “we are born with these rights”
-we are governed but we govern ourselves

24
Q

Civil Rights

A

-selective incorporation (incorporation of rights on a case by case basis)
-incorporation:including
-“positive powers”

25
Q

Civil Liberties

A

-areas of personal freedom where government can’t interfere
-negative powers (things people can keep that government can’t do anything about it)

26
Q

De jure segregation

A

segregation by law

27
Q

De facto segregation

A

societal and cultural practice of segregation; results from the private choices of individuals

28
Q

John Locke

A

we are born with these rights

29
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

philosopher who wrote about the state of nature

30
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

first serious attempt at legally addressing segregation in the south

31
Q

Griswold vs Connecticut

A

couples that were married are allowed to keep their marriage decisions private

32
Q

Competitive Federalism

A

limits national government leaves it up to states (LGBTQ+, immigration, abortion, gun control, etc.)

33
Q

Articles of the U.S. Constitution

A

1 legislative branch

#2 executive branch
#3 federal judiciary
#4 national unity and power
#5 amendment process
#6 national supremacy
#7 process ratifying document

34
Q

Grants-in-Aid

A

federal money granted to a recipient to fund a project or program

American National Government (1 decks)

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