Unit 1 Flashcards
1
Q
abolition
A
end of slave trade 1808-1810
1
Q
emancipation
A
freeing of individuals from enslavement 1838-1845
2
Q
independence
A
self governance 1960s
3
Q
federation
A
join together as one 1958-1962
4
Q
who were the colonial powers?
A
France, England, Spain, and Dutch
5
Q
what were the caribbean islands? (9)
A
jamaica, grenada, trinidad, tobago, haiti, barbados, cuba, guadalupe, and martinique
6
Q
what were the south america territories?
A
brazil, suriname, and guyana
7
Q
what were the central america territories?
A
belize and panama
8
Q
who did the english colonize? (5)
A
jamaica, barbados, trinidad, grenada, and guyana
9
Q
who did the french colonize?
A
haiti, guadalupe, and martinique
10
Q
who did the spanish colonize?
A
cuba
11
Q
who did the Portuguese colonize?
A
brazil
12
Q
who did the dutch colonize?
A
suriname
13
Q
what is the population of jamaica?
A
2.8 million
14
Q
what is the population of barbados?
A
281k
15
Q
what is the population of grenada?
A
124k
16
Q
what is the population of trinidad?
A
1.5 million
17
Q
what is the population of guyana?
A
804k
18
Q
when did the euro-caucasians arrive?
A
16th century
19
Q
what class did the euro-caucasians belong to?
A
administrative, business, governing class
20
Q
when did the africans arrive?
A
late 16th/early 17th century
21
Q
what class did the africans belong to?
A
unpaid, laboring class
22
Q
when did the east indians arrive?
A
early/mid 19th century
23
Q
what class did the east indians belong to?
A
indentured laboring class
24
when did the middle easterners arrive?
mid/late 20th century
25
what class did the middle easterners belong to?
business class
26
when did the chinese arrive?
early 20th century
27
what class did the chinese belong to?
business class
28
what languages were spoken in the caribbean?
french, english, spanish, dutch, and portuguese
29
what religions were present in the caribbean?
christianity, islam, hindu, and buddhism
30
what is the first historical period?
dehumanization and disenfranchisement 1600-1838
31
what is the second historical period?
emancipation 1838-1960
32
what is the third historical period?
independence 1960s-present
33
what are the basic characteristics of dehumanization and disenfranchisement?
1. rendered africans as "nonpersons"
2. created a path for africans and 2nd class citizens
3. defined african's conditions of exclusion, powerlessness and poverty (ensured for the future)
34
what are the differences between period 1 and period 2?
absence of physical abuse in period 2
35
what are the similarities between period 1 and period 2?
1. africans still suffered in poverty and were excluded from society
2. social and economic exploitation of the african masses
36
what are the basic characteristics of emancipation?
1. legally freed from slavery
2. society was still dominated by european elites
3. what the law could no longer do, skin color now unofficially allowed
37
what are the differences between period 2 and period 3?
no longer us vs them, but us vs us
38
what are the similarities between period 2 and period 3?
africans are still fighting for equality
39
what are the basic characteristics of independence?
new ideologies and movements arise
self-governance
40
in what ways was colonial society remarkable?
1. mistreatment of the masses as nonpersons
2. its use and abuse of african labor
3. promotion of newcomers socially above the masses
4. its elevation of the european "master class" above everyone else
41
what was the afro caribbean experience like during colonialism?
africans were powerless and were in economic despair
they lived in poverty and their exploitation and lack of opportunities created european wealth
42
until which time period was political power reserved for the europeans?
until independence (period 3, 1960s-present)
43
how else (besides political under-representation) were the afro masses shut out?
africans were still treated like 2nd class citizens
europeans still controlled the economy
afro political elite allied w/ europeans for their own self-interest
44
how did the restlessness manifest itself?
continuation of the government failing to provide what the masses had hoped and fought for
45
what kinds of actions did the african population engage in to demonstrate its dissatisfaction?
riots and revolutions (intervention from the radicals)
46
what did the radicals believe was necessary to achieve equality?
independence
47
what did the masses expect from independence?
1. equal opportunities
2. gov. had to act in the interest of the masses
48
what was the reality of independence?
1. europeans still controlled the economy
2. rise of afro political elites who did not help the masses
3. efforts to suppress ideologies of black consciousness
49
what was the biggest expectation of change?
economic change for the masses
50
what did not come from political change?
economic change
51
behavior of the afro political elite: what were they content to do?
1. elites felt no affiliation nor concern for the masses
2. allied w/ colonial order for their own self-interests
52
what were the attitudes towards black consciousness in Haiti and Grenada?
rise of dictatorships
53
which group found ascendance?
mixed race individuals, non europeans and non africans
53
what were the attitudes towards black consciousness in Jamaica and Trinidad?
color remained an important variable in relationships and opportunities available (color=colorism)
54
what were the 6 ideologies?
1. pan africanism
2. black nationalism
3. Rastafarianism
4. Garveyism
5. Liberation Theology
6. Afro Socialism
55
what were the basic ideas of pan africanism?
1. an unbreakable link amongst african people
2. unity in the struggle (we're all in this together)
3. no african is free until every african is free
56
what were the basic ideas of black nationalism?
1. self-governance
2. what do we want? power! when do we want it? now!
57
what were the basic ideas of garveyism?
1. every garveyite is a pan africanist but not the other way around
2. pride and unity of the race
3. improve the image and outlook of the afro masses
58
what were the basic ideas of rastafarianism?
1. not an intellectual movement
2. seeks to give power to the powerless
3. from the grassroots up
59
what were the basic ideas of afro socialism?
1. exploitation and injustices towards the masses were the result of a capitalist system
2. the end of that explotation required the opposite of that system: socialism
60
what were the basic ideas of liberation theology?
1. addresses issues of injustice
2. merger of religion and politics
3. advocates on behalf of the poor and exploited
61
when did pan africanism emerge?
early 20th century
62
when did black nationalism emerge?
dominated the first half of the 20th century
63
when did garveyism emerge?
early 20th century
64
when did rastafarianism emerge?
1930s
65
when did afro socialism emerge?
1930s
66
when did liberation theology emerge?
mid 20th century
67
where was pan africanism present?
everywhere
68
where was black nationalism present?
everywhere
69
where was garveyism present?
started in Jamaica, spread everywhere (including the U.S)
70
where was afro socialism present?
cuba, guyana, jamaica, and grenada
71
where was rastafarianism present?
started in economic slums of jamaica, spread everywhere
72
where was liberation theology present
latin america and haiti
73
what were the five movements?
1. rodney riots
2. black power movement
3. socialist/people revolution
4. assassination and reaction of assassination of garvey
5. popular uprising/overthrow of dictatorship in Haiti
74
when and where were the rodney riots?
jamaica, 1968
75
when and where was the black power movement?
trinidad, 1970
76
when and where was the socialist/people's revolution?
grenada, 1979
77
when and where was the assassination and reaction to of Garvey?
guyana, 1980
78
when and where was the popular uprising/overthrow of dictatorship?
haiti, 1986
79
what were the movements evidence of?
angst of afro masses in the post-independence period
80
