Unit 1

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes of individuals, and how those are affected by an
organism’s physical state, mental state, and external environment

Question 2

Psychologists

Answer 2

study cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior by observing, interpreting, and recording how people relate to one another and to their environments. They use their findings to help improve processes and behaviors.

Question 3

Cognitive process

Answer 3

referred as “thought processes” explains how the mind works. Includes memory, perception, attention decision making, thinking & reasoning.

Question 4

Physiology

Answer 4

refers to our biological systems.
Psychologists are interested in the role of our brain and nervous system, hormones, and genetics in behavior

Question 5

Anecdotal Data

Answer 5

evidence collected in a casual manner relying on personal experience

Question 6

Empirical Data

Answer 6

information collected using the scientific method based on observation & experiments.

Question 7

Laboratory Study

Answer 7

controlled enviomment. make sure that the variable being studied isn’t influenced by outside factors.

Question 8

Field Study

Answer 8

naturalistic setting, advantage of observing behavior in real life

Question 9

Retrospective study

Answer 9

research is asking the participant about past behavior

Question 10

Prospective study

Answer 10

researcher measures a variable at the beginning of a study, and then watches the effect of this variable overtime

Question 11

Longitudinal research

Answer 11

observing the change in individuals overtime

Question 12

Cross-sectional research

Answer 12

researcher, analyzes data collected from a specific point in time

Question 13

Theory

Answer 13

an explanation for a psychological phenomenon. It’s summarizes, organizes and explains observations.

Question 14

TEACUP: Testable

Answer 14

A good theory has to be proven, falsifiable, (able to be proven false). we must be able to test it, and it should generate hypotheses.

Question 15

TEACUP: Empirical support

Answer 15

supported by empirical (observation/experience) evidence, not anecdotal, (theoretical).

Question 16

TEACUP: Application

Answer 16

can be applied to many different situation, or it improves very specific behavior

Question 17

TEACUP: Construct Validity

Answer 17

its variables are clearly defined so that they can be reliably measured 

Question 18

TEACUP: Unbiased

Answer 18

does not show by us to a gender, race or culture

Question 19

TEACUP: predicts behavior

Answer 19

does not just describe what’s happening, it predicts the behavior

Question 20

Participants

Answer 20

The people who take part in a psychological study

Question 21

findings/implications

Answer 21

how the researcher interpreted the data that was collected, and opens it for discussion and debate based on biases

Question 22

Target Population

Answer 22

A specific group of people whom they are interested in for the study

Question 23

Sample

Answer 23

The group of participants taken from the target population, to represent them as a whole.

Question 24

Representative Sample

Answer 24

represents a population. Example. A smaller sample is more open to distortions, confounding variables, compared to a larger one.

Question 25

Aim

Answer 25

The purpose of the study, indicates which behavior is being used

Question 26

Procedure

Answer 26

The process being used by researchers to carry out a study