Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Black Codes

A

The black codes were laws to regulate Black behavior and impose social and economic control. They weren’t allowed to own property, have a business and weren’t allowed to buy and lease land.

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2
Q

13th amendment

A

The amendment legally abolished slavery “except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.”

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3
Q

14th Amendment

A

The House of Representatives approved the Fourteenth Amendment on June 13, 1866. Section One granted citizenship. Everybody who was born in the U.S. even if their parents werem’t born would be granted citizenship.

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4
Q

15th Amendment

A

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This garenteed protection against racial discrimination in voting.

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5
Q

Hiram Revels, Blanche K. Bruce and other African American Lawmakers

A

Hiram Revels and Blanche K. Bruce was chosen as U.S. senators from Mississippi. At least 270 other African American men served in patronage positions as postmasters, customs officials, assessors, and ambassadors. At the state level, more than 1,000 African American men held offices in the South.

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6
Q

Ku Klux Klan

A

The KKK started in Pulaski, Tennessee. They were a gang that committed acts of violence against African Americans.

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7
Q

Enforcement Acts

A

The acts were passed between 1870 and 1871. The acts made it criminal to take away African Americans civil rights. The acts also said that the KKK was an act of rebellion against the US. It allowed for the use of U.S. troops to protect freedpeople. If the states failed to act, the laws allowed the federal government to intervene.

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8
Q

Redeemers

A

They are the southern wing of the democratic party that followed after the civil war and were against blacks having equal rights with everyone else.

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9
Q

Depression of 1873

A

The depression of 1873 was the first depression in the history of the USA. Wages plummeted and trapped workers in a long cycle of poverty.

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10
Q

1874 House Election

A

The Democrats took control in the 1874 house of representatives elections because of The Depression of 1873. They were held on various dates in various states between June 1, 1874 and September 7, 1875.

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11
Q

Mississippi Plan

A

The Mississippi plan was meant to intimidate Black activists and Black voters. The state’s Republican governor pleaded for federal intervention, but national Republicans ignored the plea.

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12
Q

1876 Presidential Election

A

On the eve of the 1876 presidential election, the nation still reeled from depression. There were wide allegations of electoral fraud, election violence, and other disfranchisement of predominantly Republican Black voters.

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13
Q

Compromise of 1877

A

Democrats threatened to boycott Hayes’s inauguration. Rival governments claimed that Tilden was the rightfully elected president. Republicans then reached out to democrats, known as the Compromise of 1877.

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14
Q

Social Darwinism

A

Social Darwinism identified a natural order that extended from the laws of the cosmos to the workings of industrial society. It was a theory that human groups and races are subject to the same laws of natural selection

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15
Q

Knights of Labor

A

The Knights of Labor enjoyed considerable success in the early 1880s, due in part to its efforts to unite skilled and unskilled workers. They were founded in 1869 and pressed for 8 hour work days for laborers.

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16
Q

Eight-hour day

A

Over 200,000 people went on strike to get their jobs better and they ended up settling on an 8-hour work day as their goal. The strike quickly grew from 200,000 to about 500,000 people all across the nation.

17
Q

Haymarket Riot

A

The police killed several protesters while they were trying to break up the crowds. A bomb went off killing 7 police officers and that led to a national outroar and ending up getting people arrested and hung for their crimes and the 8-hour day movement fell.

18
Q

American Federation of Labor

A

a conservative alternative to the vision of the Knights of Labor. This federation tried to make strikes less common

19
Q

Pullman Strike

A

Pullman cut the wages down but kept all the untilitties of his work town the same price so the workers went on strike. The workers refuse to handle any Pullman cars on any rail line anywhere in the country. Thousands of workers struck and national railroad traffic ground to a halt

20
Q

Eugene V. Debs

A

Eugene V. Debs was the leader of the American Railway Union (ARU). He was a labor organizer and Socialist Party candidate for U.S. president five times between 1900 and 1920. He was also one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World.